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(Values derived primarily from survey of ServiTech feed analysis history, but data from other sources may also be included.1)
¶ Table 1a. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Legumes |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Alfalfa, Fresh Plants | Birdsfoot Trefoil, Fresh Plants | Clover, Fresh Plants3 | Ladino Clover, Fresh Plants | ||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 28.3 | 21.1 | - | 41.3 | 22.0 | 16.8 | - | 31.1 | 21.9 | 18.8 | - | 27.5 | 19.0 | 14.5 | - | 26.9 |
| Moisture, % | 71.7 | 58.7 | - | 78.9 | 78.0 | 68.9 | - | 83.2 | 78.1 | 72.6 | - | 81.3 | 81.0 | 73.2 | - | 85.5 |
| Ash, % | 6.2 | 4.2 | - | 8.2 | 9.0 | 6.3 | - | 11.7 | 7.0 | 4.9 | - | 9.1 | 11.0 | 7.7 | - | 14.3 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 24.7 | 22.0 | - | 27.7 | 21.0 | 18.0 | - | 25.0 | 22.1 | 18.0 | - | 27.0 | 25.0 | 21.4 | - | 29.7 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.4 | 0.8 | - | 2.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 27.6 | 23.1 | - | 31.5 | 31.0 | 25.0 | - | 35.8 | 28.2 | 22.4 | - | 32.2 | 33.0 | 26.6 | - | 38.1 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 32.7 | 28.7 | - | 38.6 | 47.0 | 40.1 | - | 55.3 | 44.0 | 37.6 | - | 51.8 | 35.0 | 29.9 | - | 41.2 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 23.8 | 19.1 | - | 27.4 | 21.0 | 16.9 | - | 24.3 | 14.0 | 11.3 | - | 16.2 | 14.0 | 11.3 | - | 16.2 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.5 | 1.2 | - | 1.8 | 4.4 | 2.9 | - | 5.9 | 4.0 | 2.6 | - | 5.4 | 4.8 | 3.1 | - | 6.5 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.77 | 1.44 | - | 2.00 | 1.78 | 1.35 | - | 2.24 | 1.12 | 0.79 | - | 1.57 | 1.27 | 0.97 | - | 1.60 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.35 | 0.31 | - | 0.42 | 0.25 | 0.20 | - | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0.28 | - | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.31 | - | 0.46 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.38 | 0.31 | - | 0.44 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.33 | 0.28 | - | 0.38 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 2.97 | 2.59 | - | 3.43 | 2.60 | 2.14 | - | 3.10 | 2.24 | 2.17 | - | 2.33 | 2.40 | 1.97 | - | 2.86 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.10 | 0.08 | - | 0.17 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.02 | 0.02 | - | 0.03 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.33 | 0.29 | - | 0.39 | 0.25 | 0.21 | - | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.27 | - | 0.33 | 0.20 | 0.17 | - | 0.23 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.40 | 0.26 | - | 0.54 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.60 | 0.39 | - | 0.81 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 9 | 7 | - | 10 | --- | --- | - | --- | 10 | 8 | - | 12 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 164 | 106 | - | 277 | --- | --- | - | --- | 111 | 106 | - | 131 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 45 | 26 | - | 57 | --- | --- | - | --- | 38 | 29 | - | 63 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 27 | 19 | - | 40 | 31 | 23 | - | 42 | 20 | 15 | - | 27 | 20 | 15 | - | 27 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 4.54 | 3.21 | - | 5.87 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.60 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 193 | 159 | - | 229 | 128 | --- | - | --- | 142 | --- | - | --- | 168 | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 68.7 | 65.1 | - | 74.0 | 66.0 | 61.6 | - | 71.7 | 71.3 | 67.4 | - | 75.8 | 69.0 | 64.4 | - | 74.9 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.72 | 0.67 | - | 0.80 | 0.68 | 0.62 | - | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.71 | - | 0.82 | 0.71 | 0.65 | - | 0.80 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.45 | 0.40 | - | 0.52 | 0.38 | 0.33 | - | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.44 | - | 0.54 | 0.43 | 0.38 | - | 0.50 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.71 | 0.67 | - | 0.77 | 0.67 | 0.62 | - | 0.73 | 0.74 | 0.70 | - | 0.79 | 0.70 | 0.65 | - | 0.77 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.13 | 1.07 | - | 1.22 | 1.08 | 1.01 | - | 1.18 | 1.17 | 1.11 | - | 1.24 | 1.13 | 1.06 | - | 1.23 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.39 | 1.32 | - | 1.50 | 1.32 | 1.24 | - | 1.44 | 1.41 | 1.35 | - | 1.51 | 1.38 | 1.29 | - | 1.51 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 1b. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Legumes |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Red Clover, Fresh Plants | Soybean, Fresh Plants | Vetch, Fresh Plants | |||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 24.0 | 18.3 | - | 33.9 | 33.8 | 23.2 | - | 51.6 | 44.0 | 33.6 | - | 62.2 |
| Moisture, % | 76.0 | 66.1 | - | 81.7 | 66.2 | 48.4 | - | 76.8 | 56.0 | 37.8 | - | 66.4 |
| Ash, % | 9.0 | 6.3 | - | 11.7 | 8.6 | 6.2 | - | 10.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 18.0 | 15.4 | - | 21.4 | 17.7 | 15.4 | - | 21.7 | 23.7 | 20.3 | - | 28.2 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.4 | 1.0 | - | 1.8 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 33.0 | 26.6 | - | 38.1 | 30.9 | 24.2 | - | 36.5 | 34.7 | 27.9 | - | 40.1 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 44.0 | 37.6 | - | 51.8 | 45.3 | 37.6 | - | 53.1 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 7.1 | 5.8 | - | 8.4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 24.0 | 19.3 | - | 27.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 4.0 | 2.6 | - | 5.4 | 3.5 | 1.8 | - | 5.3 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 5.9 | 4.1 | - | 7.7 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.70 | 1.29 | - | 2.14 | 1.27 | 0.97 | - | 1.57 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.30 | 0.24 | - | 0.36 | 0.31 | 0.23 | - | 0.39 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.38 | 0.27 | - | 0.49 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 2.00 | 1.64 | - | 2.38 | 1.79 | 1.12 | - | 2.46 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.02 | 0.02 | - | 0.03 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.16 | - | 0.26 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.60 | 0.39 | - | 0.81 | 0.29 | 0.19 | - | 0.39 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | 11 | 9 | - | 12 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | 285 | 209 | - | 361 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | 52 | 28 | - | 76 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 23 | 17 | - | 31 | 38 | 29 | - | 48 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 134 | --- | - | --- | 133 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 64.0 | 59.8 | - | 69.5 | 67.7 | 61.5 | - | 75.6 | 61.5 | 57.4 | - | 66.8 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.65 | 0.59 | - | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.62 | - | 0.82 | 0.62 | 0.56 | - | 0.69 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.36 | 0.32 | - | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.36 | - | 0.54 | 0.36 | 0.31 | - | 0.42 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.65 | 0.60 | - | 0.71 | 0.70 | 0.63 | - | 0.79 | 0.63 | 0.58 | - | 0.69 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.05 | 0.98 | - | 1.14 | 1.11 | 1.01 | - | 1.24 | 1.01 | 0.94 | - | 1.10 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.28 | 1.20 | - | 1.40 | 1.38 | 1.24 | - | 1.55 | 1.23 | 1.15 | - | 1.34 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 2a. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Corn & Sorghums |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Corn, Fresh Plants | Corn Stalks, Fresh | Corn, Green Chop | Cane, Fresh Plants | Feed, Fresh Plants | Forage Sorghum, Fresh Plants | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 25.9 | 21.0 | - | 33.4 | 27.3 | 19.9 | - | 41.8 | 31.7 | 28.3 | - | 36.2 | 25.0 | 19.2 | - | 34.0 | 27.4 | 21.2 | - | 35.2 | 27.1 | 21.7 | - | 33.7 |
| Moisture, % | 74.1 | 66.6 | - | 79.0 | 72.7 | 58.3 | - | 80.1 | 68.4 | 63.8 | - | 71.7 | 75.0 | 66.0 | - | 80.8 | 72.6 | 64.8 | - | 78.8 | 72.9 | 66.3 | - | 78.3 |
| Ash, % | 9.5 | 9.0 | - | 9.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.0 | 3.0 | - | 5.1 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 7.8 | 4.8 | - | 10.8 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 12.4 | 10.2 | - | 14.7 | 10.6 | 8.1 | - | 13.8 | 7.8 | 7.1 | - | 8.7 | 11.4 | 8.6 | - | 14.7 | 12.5 | 8.9 | - | 17.0 | 10.9 | 8.3 | - | 14.1 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 0.9 | 0.8 | - | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.8 | - | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 | - | 0.7 | 1.7 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.8 | 0.5 | - | 1.1 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 28.8 | 26.9 | - | 31.9 | 31.0 | 28.2 | - | 36.0 | 23.2 | 21.1 | - | 25.6 | 32.7 | 29.0 | - | 36.3 | 31.1 | 27.5 | - | 35.4 | 32.9 | 29.5 | - | 35.3 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 59.2 | 53.7 | - | 64.5 | 62.0 | 54.6 | - | 66.7 | 43.1 | 39.1 | - | 46.8 | 58.1 | 54.5 | - | 62.2 | 55.2 | 49.5 | - | 59.5 | 55.3 | 53.4 | - | 58.5 |
| Lignin, % | 3.4 | 3.2 | - | 3.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.4 | 2.7 | - | 4.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.0 | 2.6 | - | 5.4 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 27.4 | 26.8 | - | 32.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | 20.9 | 20.3 | - | 23.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 33.7 | 32.8 | - | 37.4 | 31.0 | 30.2 | - | 34.5 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.4 | 1.1 | - | 1.8 | 2.9 | 2.7 | - | 3.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.2 | 1.6 | - | 2.8 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 31.7 | 27.3 | - | 37.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | - | 2.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 12.0 | 7.2 | - | 16.8 |
| Total sugars as invert, % | 23.4 | 21.8 | - | 25.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.37 | 0.32 | - | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.28 | - | 0.55 | 0.21 | 0.18 | - | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.31 | - | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.36 | - | 0.64 | 0.37 | 0.28 | - | 0.45 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.24 | 0.20 | - | 0.30 | 0.23 | 0.14 | - | 0.35 | 0.23 | 0.21 | - | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.18 | - | 0.36 | 0.24 | 0.19 | - | 0.36 | 0.21 | 0.16 | - | 0.30 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.26 | 0.19 | - | 0.34 | 0.22 | 0.17 | - | 0.34 | 0.16 | 0.14 | - | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.23 | - | 0.33 | 0.30 | 0.21 | - | 0.45 | 0.26 | 0.21 | - | 0.30 |
| Potassium, % K | 2.35 | 2.05 | - | 2.83 | 2.65 | 1.91 | - | 3.37 | 1.33 | 1.25 | - | 1.51 | 2.82 | 1.90 | - | 3.75 | 2.69 | 1.81 | - | 4.32 | 1.96 | 1.72 | - | 2.78 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.04 | 0.01 | - | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.02 | - | 0.03 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.14 | 0.12 | - | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.08 | - | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.09 | - | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.10 | - | 0.16 | 0.27 | 0.18 | - | 0.37 | 0.14 | 0.09 | - | 0.19 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.27 | 0.16 | - | 0.38 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.60 | 0.34 | - | 0.86 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 6 | 4 | - | 8 | --- | --- | - | --- | 8 | 6 | - | 10 | 11 | 7 | - | 14 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 144 | 99 | - | 190 | --- | --- | - | --- | 212 | 168 | - | 278 | 432 | 221 | - | 642 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 31 | 22 | - | 40 | --- | --- | - | --- | 76 | 66 | - | 91 | 61 | 33 | - | 89 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 26 | 18 | - | 34 | --- | --- | - | --- | 28 | 20 | - | 37 | 36 | 23 | - | 48 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.73 | 0.48 | - | 0.99 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.27 | 0.87 | - | 1.68 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.08 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.08 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 104 | 96 | - | 112 | 97 | 89 | - | 105 | 153 | 141 | - | 165 | 102 | 94 | - | 110 | 109 | 100 | - | 118 | 106 | 98 | - | 114 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 67.9 | 65.9 | - | 69.1 | 66.4 | 63.3 | - | 68.3 | 71.8 | 70.2 | - | 72.8 | 66.0 | 62.4 | - | 70.2 | 67.8 | 62.4 | - | 71.3 | 66.0 | 63.0 | - | 69.6 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.71 | 0.68 | - | 0.73 | 0.69 | 0.64 | - | 0.72 | 0.77 | 0.75 | - | 0.78 | 0.68 | 0.63 | - | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.63 | - | 0.76 | 0.68 | 0.64 | - | 0.74 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.44 | 0.41 | - | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.38 | - | 0.45 | 0.49 | 0.47 | - | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.37 | - | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.37 | - | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.37 | - | 0.46 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.69 | 0.65 | - | 0.71 | 0.66 | 0.60 | - | 0.70 | 0.76 | 0.73 | - | 0.78 | 0.68 | 0.64 | - | 0.73 | 0.70 | 0.64 | - | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.65 | - | 0.72 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.12 | 1.08 | - | 1.13 | 1.09 | 1.04 | - | 1.13 | 1.18 | 1.15 | - | 1.20 | 1.08 | 1.02 | - | 1.15 | 1.11 | 1.02 | - | 1.17 | 1.08 | 1.03 | - | 1.14 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.35 | 1.31 | - | 1.38 | 1.33 | 1.27 | - | 1.36 | 1.44 | 1.41 | - | 1.46 | 1.31 | 1.23 | - | 1.38 | 1.36 | 1.25 | - | 1.43 | 1.32 | 1.26 | - | 1.39 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 2b. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Corn & Sorghums |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Grain Sorghum, Fresh Plants | Sorghum, Fresh Plants3 | Sorghum-Sudan, Fresh Plants | Sudangrass, Fresh Plants | Sumac, Fresh Plants | Johnsongrass, Fresh Plants | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 33.5 | 28.5 | - | 41.4 | 27.7 | 21.7 | - | 34.3 | 26.4 | 20.6 | - | 34.8 | 24.4 | 19.3 | - | 31.6 | 26.7 | 22.3 | - | 34.2 | 32.8 | 27.5 | - | 39.9 |
| Moisture, % | 66.5 | 58.6 | - | 71.5 | 72.3 | 65.7 | - | 78.3 | 73.6 | 65.2 | - | 79.4 | 75.6 | 68.4 | - | 80.7 | 73.3 | 65.9 | - | 77.8 | 67.3 | 60.1 | - | 72.5 |
| Ash, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 9.9 | 9.1 | - | 10.7 | 10.4 | 7.4 | - | 13.4 | 10.9 | 8.6 | - | 13.1 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 11.5 | 9.3 | - | 13.7 | 10.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.9 | 10.7 | 7.7 | - | 13.8 | 11.4 | 8.3 | - | 14.9 | 8.4 | 5.7 | - | 11.0 | 10.1 | 7.7 | - | 14.1 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 0.9 | 0.8 | - | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | - | 1.9 | 0.9 | 0.5 | - | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.0 | - | 1.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 28.8 | 26.3 | - | 33.5 | 33.5 | 29.8 | - | 37.2 | 32.2 | 29.9 | - | 36.0 | 32.9 | 30.1 | - | 36.6 | 34.2 | 31.0 | - | 35.7 | 37.7 | 34.4 | - | 41.5 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 51.3 | 50.8 | - | 55.9 | 57.4 | 51.8 | - | 61.6 | 56.6 | 54.5 | - | 59.5 | 60.6 | 56.5 | - | 62.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | 62.3 | 56.3 | - | 68.3 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.7 | 3.3 | - | 5.5 | 4.2 | 3.0 | - | 5.5 | 4.7 | 3.5 | - | 6.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 26.3 | 25.6 | - | 29.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 35.3 | 31.5 | - | 36.0 | 34.9 | 34.0 | - | 38.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.2 | 1.0 | - | 1.3 | 3.0 | 2.1 | - | 3.8 | 3.0 | 2.1 | - | 3.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.1 | 1.2 | - | 3.0 | 2.1 | 1.3 | - | 2.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 6.5 | 6.1 | - | 8.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.39 | 0.31 | - | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.32 | - | 0.48 | 0.41 | 0.35 | - | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.32 | - | 0.51 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.59 | 0.37 | - | 0.81 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.21 | 0.18 | - | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.15 | - | 0.28 | 0.21 | 0.16 | - | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.17 | - | 0.30 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.18 | 0.12 | - | 0.24 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.26 | 0.16 | - | 0.29 | 0.19 | 0.15 | - | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.22 | - | 0.36 | 0.30 | 0.25 | - | 0.39 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.15 | 0.11 | - | 0.19 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.95 | 1.48 | - | 2.26 | 2.37 | 1.74 | - | 3.13 | 2.43 | 1.89 | - | 2.68 | 2.51 | 2.13 | - | 3.11 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.30 | 1.27 | - | 1.33 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.02 | - | 0.07 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.12 | 0.10 | - | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.10 | - | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.11 | - | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.10 | - | 0.16 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.16 | 0.14 | - | 0.18 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.93 | 0.55 | - | 1.31 | 1.03 | 0.64 | - | 1.42 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 8 | 5 | - | 10 | 10 | 7 | - | 13 | 13 | 9 | - | 17 | 16 | 10 | - | 22 | --- | --- | - | --- | 9 | 9 | - | 10 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 486 | 294 | - | 652 | 590 | 250 | - | 666 | 398 | 250 | - | 546 | 307 | 179 | - | 436 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 68 | 49 | - | 92 | 49 | 40 | - | 70 | 79 | 44 | - | 114 | 71 | 46 | - | 95 | --- | --- | - | --- | 60 | 49 | - | 66 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 55 | 38 | - | 72 | 30 | 21 | - | 36 | 39 | 21 | - | 57 | 39 | 20 | - | 59 | --- | --- | - | --- | 26 | 25 | - | 27 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.70 | 0.38 | - | 1.02 | 1.34 | 0.42 | - | 2.27 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 121 | 112 | - | 130 | 102 | 94 | - | 110 | 102 | 94 | - | 110 | 112 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 95 | 88 | - | 102 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 70.4 | 65.1 | - | 73.1 | 65.1 | 60.6 | - | 69.6 | 66.0 | 62.4 | - | 68.7 | 65.4 | 61.5 | - | 68.7 | 64.2 | 62.6 | - | 67.6 | 60.6 | 56.1 | - | 64.2 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.75 | 0.67 | - | 0.79 | 0.67 | 0.60 | - | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.63 | - | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.62 | - | 0.72 | 0.66 | 0.63 | - | 0.71 | 0.60 | 0.54 | - | 0.66 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.47 | 0.40 | - | 0.51 | 0.40 | 0.34 | - | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.37 | - | 0.45 | 0.41 | 0.36 | - | 0.45 | 0.39 | 0.37 | - | 0.44 | 0.34 | 0.28 | - | 0.39 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.73 | 0.67 | - | 0.76 | 0.67 | 0.62 | - | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.64 | - | 0.71 | 0.68 | 0.63 | - | 0.71 | 0.66 | 0.64 | - | 0.70 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.16 | 1.07 | - | 1.20 | 1.07 | 1.00 | - | 1.14 | 1.08 | 1.02 | - | 1.13 | 1.08 | 1.01 | - | 1.13 | 1.06 | 1.03 | - | 1.11 | 1.00 | 0.92 | - | 1.05 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.41 | 1.30 | - | 1.46 | 1.30 | 1.21 | - | 1.39 | 1.32 | 1.25 | - | 1.38 | 1.30 | 1.23 | - | 1.38 | 1.29 | 1.26 | - | 1.36 | 1.21 | 1.12 | - | 1.29 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
¶ Table 3a. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Small Grains |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Barley, Fresh Plants | German Millet, Fresh Plants | Millet, Fresh Plants | Oats, Fresh Plants | Pearl Millet, Fresh Plants | Rye, Fresh Plants | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 27.9 | 19.4 | - | 36.2 | 87.1 | 84.2 | - | 89.5 | 27.0 | 21.2 | - | 35.1 | 25.6 | 19.5 | - | 33.8 | 16.6 | 13.9 | - | 20.1 | 27.1 | 21.4 | - | 34.0 |
| Moisture, % | 72.1 | 63.8 | - | 80.6 | 12.9 | 10.5 | - | 15.8 | 73.1 | 64.9 | - | 78.8 | 74.4 | 66.2 | - | 80.5 | 83.5 | 79.9 | - | 86.1 | 72.9 | 66.0 | - | 78.6 |
| Ash, % | 9.9 | 5.4 | - | 10.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 9.7 | 7.1 | - | 12.4 | --- | --- | - | --- | 10.2 | 7.8 | - | 12.6 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 15.1 | 11.8 | - | 18.7 | 10.4 | 8.3 | - | 12.9 | 13.5 | 10.4 | - | 17.5 | 15.4 | 11.9 | - | 21.1 | 14.7 | 11.9 | - | 18.1 | 17.4 | 15.1 | - | 21.7 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.3 | 0.8 | - | 1.8 | 0.9 | 0.6 | - | 1.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.9 | 0.6 | - | 1.3 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 26.1 | 19.3 | - | 31.0 | 41.2 | 38.6 | - | 45.5 | 32.1 | 28.0 | - | 35.5 | 29.8 | 24.7 | - | 34.0 | 30.0 | 27.4 | - | 32.7 | 29.7 | 23.2 | - | 34.6 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 43.3 | 38.7 | - | 50.5 | 64.2 | 63.3 | - | 66.0 | 56.3 | 54.0 | - | 59.9 | 52.9 | 44.5 | - | 55.2 | 52.8 | 50.2 | - | 55.5 | 53.8 | 42.6 | - | 56.7 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.2 | 2.9 | - | 5.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.7 | 2.5 | - | 4.9 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 18.0 | 16.0 | - | 20.2 | 35.2 | 31.4 | - | 39.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.3 | 2.0 | - | 2.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.7 | 3.3 | - | 4.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.0 | 3.0 | - | 4.9 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.7 | 1.7 | - | 3.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.9 | 1.2 | - | 2.6 |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.24 | 0.15 | - | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.29 | - | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.32 | - | 0.53 | 0.36 | 0.29 | - | 0.47 | 0.51 | 0.42 | - | 0.63 | 0.45 | 0.38 | - | 0.52 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.33 | 0.28 | - | 0.48 | 0.22 | 0.17 | - | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.19 | - | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.24 | - | 0.41 | 0.30 | 0.27 | - | 0.33 | 0.40 | 0.30 | - | 0.52 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.20 | 0.17 | - | 0.24 | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.30 | 0.23 | - | 0.40 | 0.22 | 0.18 | - | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.19 | - | 0.36 | 0.20 | 0.16 | - | 0.25 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.45 | 0.66 | - | 2.35 | 3.46 | 2.65 | - | 4.14 | 3.13 | 2.46 | - | 3.62 | 2.96 | 2.16 | - | 3.72 | 4.11 | 3.58 | - | 4.50 | 3.14 | 2.29 | - | 3.76 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.07 | 0.05 | - | 0.10 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 0.50 | 0.12 | - | 0.97 | 0.01 | --- | - | --- | 0.14 | 0.07 | - | 0.22 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.19 | 0.16 | - | 0.25 | 0.14 | 0.12 | - | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.14 | - | 0.20 | 0.26 | 0.19 | - | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.18 | - | 0.19 | 0.24 | 0.23 | - | 0.32 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.02 | 0.52 | - | 1.52 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.02 | 0.75 | - | 1.29 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 7 | 7 | - | 9 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 9 | 7 | - | 11 | 6 | --- | - | --- | 6 | 5 | - | 9 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 92 | 83 | - | 170 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 169 | 142 | - | 265 | 111 | --- | - | --- | 274 | 156 | - | 341 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 29 | 22 | - | 33 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 52 | 37 | - | 65 | 57 | --- | - | --- | 83 | 61 | - | 174 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 40 | 30 | - | 52 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 33 | 23 | - | 36 | 30 | 27 | - | 30 | 39 | 20 | - | 42 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.00 | 0.90 | - | 1.18 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.97 | 2.30 | - | 3.64 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.11 | 0.63 | - | 1.59 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.15 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 147 | 128 | - | 172 | 82 | 71 | - | 96 | 106 | 92 | - | 123 | 105 | 91 | - | 125 | 116 | 101 | - | 135 | 110 | 103 | - | 116 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 74.0 | 67.8 | - | 80.3 | 57.0 | 52.5 | - | 60.6 | 66.0 | 62.4 | - | 70.4 | 68.8 | 64.2 | - | 74.9 | 68.7 | 64.7 | - | 71.3 | 69.6 | 63.3 | - | 76.7 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.80 | 0.71 | - | 0.89 | 0.55 | 0.48 | - | 0.60 | 0.68 | 0.63 | - | 0.75 | 0.73 | 0.66 | - | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.67 | - | 0.76 | 0.74 | 0.64 | - | 0.84 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.52 | 0.44 | - | 0.59 | 0.29 | 0.23 | - | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.37 | - | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.39 | - | 0.53 | 0.45 | 0.40 | - | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.38 | - | 0.55 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.77 | 0.70 | - | 0.84 | 0.58 | 0.53 | - | 0.62 | 0.68 | 0.64 | - | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.66 | - | 0.78 | 0.71 | 0.67 | - | 0.74 | 0.72 | 0.65 | - | 0.80 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.22 | 1.11 | - | 1.32 | 0.94 | 0.86 | - | 1.00 | 1.08 | 1.02 | - | 1.16 | 1.13 | 1.05 | - | 1.23 | 1.13 | 1.06 | - | 1.18 | 1.14 | 1.04 | - | 1.26 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.54 | 1.41 | - | 1.63 | 1.13 | 1.04 | - | 1.21 | 1.32 | 1.25 | - | 1.39 | 1.41 | 1.30 | - | 1.50 | 1.37 | 1.29 | - | 1.44 | 1.39 | 1.27 | - | 1.54 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
¶ Table 3b. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Small Grains |
||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Triticale, Fresh Plants | Wheat, Fresh Plants | Small Grain, Fresh Plants3 | Cheatgrass, Fresh Plants | Weeds, Fresh Plants | |||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 32.2 | 25.2 | - | 39.3 | 34.0 | 25.3 | - | 42.5 | 91.8 | 89.3 | - | 93.3 | 21.0 | 16.5 | - | 26.3 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Moisture, % | 67.8 | 60.7 | - | 74.8 | 66.0 | 57.5 | - | 74.7 | 8.2 | 6.8 | - | 10.8 | 79.0 | 73.7 | - | 83.5 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Ash, % | 8.9 | 6.6 | - | 11.3 | 10.2 | 7.8 | - | 12.5 | 11.5 | 9.2 | - | 12.3 | 10.0 | 7.5 | - | 12.3 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 13.2 | 10.7 | - | 17.7 | 16.7 | 13.5 | - | 21.4 | 9.4 | 7.2 | - | 12.5 | 16.0 | 12.8 | - | 20.6 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 0.7 | 0.4 | - | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.4 | - | 1.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 35.5 | 30.3 | - | 40.0 | 28.9 | 25.1 | - | 33.6 | 38.9 | 35.1 | - | 44.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 49.5 | 42.2 | - | 58.0 | 46.6 | 40.2 | - | 54.6 | 51.5 | 46.0 | - | 54.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | 3.5 | 2.4 | - | 4.7 | 3.9 | 2.8 | - | 5.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 23.0 | 20.5 | - | 25.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.6 | 2.0 | - | 3.2 | 2.3 | 1.8 | - | 2.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.7 | 2.1 | - | 3.3 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | 1.7 | 0.8 | - | 2.6 | 4.1 | 1.7 | - | 6.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | 0.8 | 0.6 | - | 1.0 | 35.8 | 31.1 | - | 40.4 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.37 | 0.31 | - | 0.46 | 0.25 | 0.20 | - | 0.34 | 0.53 | 0.39 | - | 1.20 | 0.60 | 0.48 | - | 0.79 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.33 | 0.28 | - | 0.37 | 0.28 | 0.22 | - | 0.38 | 0.26 | 0.19 | - | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.22 | - | 0.36 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.18 | 0.14 | - | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.15 | - | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.22 | - | 0.27 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 3.19 | 2.55 | - | 4.17 | 2.13 | 1.47 | - | 3.00 | 3.17 | 3.00 | - | 3.31 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.07 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.26 | 0.20 | - | 0.32 | 0.21 | 0.17 | - | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.25 | - | 0.31 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.76 | 0.56 | - | 0.97 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 9 | 8 | - | 10 | 7 | 5 | - | 8 | 10 | 9 | - | 13 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 293 | 187 | - | 594 | 127 | 97 | - | 219 | 446 | 252 | - | 564 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 74 | 57 | - | 92 | 45 | 31 | - | 67 | 75 | 68 | - | 78 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 42 | 35 | - | 49 | 34 | 24 | - | 42 | 38 | 29 | - | 46 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.57 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.15 | 0.80 | - | 1.85 | 1.80 | 1.55 | - | 2.10 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.08 | 0.40 | - | 1.56 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 115 | 100 | - | 134 | 134 | 108 | - | 156 | 106 | 92 | - | 123 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 64.2 | 57.9 | - | 71.3 | 69.6 | 65.1 | - | 74.0 | 58.8 | 53.0 | - | 63.1 | 68.0 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.66 | 0.56 | - | 0.76 | 0.74 | 0.67 | - | 0.80 | 0.58 | 0.49 | - | 0.64 | 0.70 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.39 | 0.31 | - | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.40 | - | 0.52 | 0.32 | 0.24 | - | 0.38 | 0.41 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.66 | 0.59 | - | 0.74 | 0.72 | 0.67 | - | 0.77 | 0.60 | 0.54 | - | 0.65 | 0.69 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.05 | 0.95 | - | 1.17 | 1.14 | 1.07 | - | 1.22 | 0.97 | 0.87 | - | 1.04 | 1.12 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.29 | 1.16 | - | 1.43 | 1.41 | 1.30 | - | 1.50 | 1.18 | 1.06 | - | 1.27 | 1.36 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 4a. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Grasses |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Bermudagrass, Fresh Plants | Bluegrass, Fresh Plants | Bluestem, Fresh Plants | Bromegrass, Fresh Plants | Fescue, Fresh Plants | Grass, Fresh Plants3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 35.9 | 30.6 | - | 44.2 | 90.6 | 53.7 | - | 93.0 | 45.5 | 35.8 | - | 62.1 | 36.4 | 24.7 | - | 56.2 | 37.6 | 22.3 | - | 91.8 | 51.6 | 35.0 | - | 82.8 |
| Moisture, % | 64.1 | 55.8 | - | 69.4 | 9.4 | 7.1 | - | 46.4 | 54.5 | 37.9 | - | 64.2 | 63.6 | 43.9 | - | 75.4 | 62.4 | 8.3 | - | 77.8 | 48.4 | 17.2 | - | 65.0 |
| Ash, % | 8.6 | 6.8 | - | 10.5 | 7.0 | 5.8 | - | 8.5 | 5.0 | 4.2 | - | 6.1 | 10.0 | 8.3 | - | 12.1 | 9.0 | 7.5 | - | 10.9 | 10.6 | 8.8 | - | 12.9 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 13.9 | 10.4 | - | 16.5 | 13.0 | 9.9 | - | 16.4 | 6.8 | 5.1 | - | 9.6 | 15.3 | 10.7 | - | 18.8 | 13.0 | 9.6 | - | 17.2 | 8.9 | 6.5 | - | 12.6 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.0 | 0.7 | - | 1.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.3 | 0.9 | - | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.7 | - | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.9 | - | 1.6 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 35.5 | 33.7 | - | 39.0 | 33.3 | 29.6 | - | 37.1 | 44.1 | 41.1 | - | 46.6 | 36.3 | 35.4 | - | 39.4 | 37.5 | 33.2 | - | 40.0 | 39.7 | 34.9 | - | 44.4 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 65.2 | 62.3 | - | 65.6 | 60.0 | 57.2 | - | 61.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 54.0 | 51.5 | - | 55.1 | 65.0 | 62.0 | - | 66.4 | 62.9 | 55.4 | - | 69.9 |
| Lignin, % | 5.0 | 3.8 | - | 6.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | 27.0 | 25.4 | - | 29.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 28.0 | 26.3 | - | 30.3 | 25.0 | 23.5 | - | 27.1 | 32.1 | 29.8 | - | 35.6 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.8 | 2.2 | - | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.6 | - | 3.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.1 | 3.3 | - | 5.1 | 2.8 | 2.3 | - | 3.5 | 1.6 | 1.3 | - | 2.0 |
| Total starch, % | 1.8 | 1.1 | - | 2.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.48 | 0.45 | - | 0.55 | 0.60 | 0.49 | - | 0.71 | 0.44 | 0.36 | - | 0.52 | 0.41 | 0.35 | - | 0.46 | 0.59 | 0.33 | - | 0.69 | 0.48 | 0.38 | - | 0.61 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.25 | 0.22 | - | 0.30 | 0.50 | 0.43 | - | 0.61 | 0.15 | 0.13 | - | 0.17 | 0.24 | 0.22 | - | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.25 | - | 0.34 | 0.13 | 0.08 | - | 0.21 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.22 | 0.17 | - | 0.27 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.13 | 0.11 | - | 0.16 | 0.28 | 0.16 | - | 0.31 | 0.13 | 0.10 | - | 0.17 |
| Potassium, % K | 2.21 | 1.61 | - | 2.81 | 1.90 | 1.38 | - | 2.41 | 0.80 | 0.58 | - | 1.02 | 2.42 | 1.76 | - | 3.07 | 2.77 | 1.63 | - | 3.11 | 0.92 | 0.38 | - | 1.60 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.05 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.01 | 0.00 | - | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.27 | 0.20 | - | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.15 | - | 0.24 | 0.05 | 0.04 | - | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0.15 | - | 0.24 | 0.30 | 0.13 | - | 0.32 | 0.12 | 0.10 | - | 0.17 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.76 | 0.53 | - | 0.99 | 0.42 | 0.30 | - | 0.60 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.44 | 0.32 | - | 0.69 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 11 | 8 | - | 14 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 8 | 7 | - | 10 | 9 | 6 | - | 12 | 5 | 4 | - | 7 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 255 | 139 | - | 371 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 128 | 91 | - | 190 | 250 | 217 | - | 680 | 418 | 213 | - | 702 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 77 | 53 | - | 101 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 54 | 42 | - | 70 | 112 | 71 | - | 131 | 57 | 45 | - | 74 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 41 | 26 | - | 57 | 25 | 19 | - | 30 | 28 | 21 | - | 34 | 27 | 21 | - | 32 | 32 | 22 | - | 37 | 22 | 17 | - | 29 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.34 | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.65 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.80 | 1.10 | - | 2.90 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.20 | 0.12 | - | 0.29 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.32 | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 87 | 81 | - | 97 | 98 | 91 | - | 109 | --- | --- | - | --- | 104 | 97 | - | 116 | 85 | 80 | - | 95 | 86 | 80 | - | 96 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 62.4 | 59.3 | - | 65.1 | 65.6 | 61.3 | - | 69.6 | 53.4 | 50.7 | - | 57.0 | 62.4 | 58.8 | - | 67.8 | 60.6 | 57.9 | - | 65.1 | 58.8 | 53.4 | - | 64.2 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.63 | 0.59 | - | 0.67 | 0.68 | 0.62 | - | 0.74 | 0.49 | 0.45 | - | 0.55 | 0.63 | 0.58 | - | 0.71 | 0.60 | 0.56 | - | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.49 | - | 0.66 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.37 | 0.33 | - | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.36 | - | 0.46 | 0.24 | 0.20 | - | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.32 | - | 0.44 | 0.34 | 0.31 | - | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.24 | - | 0.39 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.64 | 0.61 | - | 0.67 | 0.68 | 0.63 | - | 0.72 | 0.54 | 0.51 | - | 0.58 | 0.64 | 0.60 | - | 0.70 | 0.62 | 0.59 | - | 0.67 | 0.60 | 0.54 | - | 0.66 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.02 | 0.98 | - | 1.07 | 1.08 | 1.01 | - | 1.14 | 0.88 | 0.83 | - | 0.94 | 1.02 | 0.97 | - | 1.11 | 1.00 | 0.95 | - | 1.07 | 0.97 | 0.88 | - | 1.05 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.25 | 1.19 | - | 1.30 | 1.32 | 1.23 | - | 1.39 | 1.07 | 1.02 | - | 1.14 | 1.25 | 1.18 | - | 1.36 | 1.23 | 1.16 | - | 1.32 | 1.20 | 1.07 | - | 1.29 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 4b. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Grasses |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Native Grass, Fresh Plants | Orchardgrass, Fresh Plants | Teff, Fresh Plants | Timothy, Fresh Plants | Wheatgrass, Fresh Plants | |||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 41.6 | 32.5 | - | 50.0 | 24.0 | 17.3 | - | 33.6 | 40.9 | 31.4 | - | 58.6 | 26.0 | 18.8 | - | 36.4 | 37.0 | 26.7 | - | 51.8 |
| Moisture, % | 58.5 | 50.1 | - | 67.5 | 76.0 | 66.4 | - | 82.7 | 59.1 | 41.5 | - | 68.7 | 74.0 | 63.6 | - | 81.2 | 63.0 | 48.3 | - | 73.3 |
| Ash, % | 10.5 | 9.4 | - | 12.2 | 9.0 | 7.5 | - | 10.9 | 4.4 | 3.7 | - | 5.3 | 7.0 | 5.8 | - | 8.5 | 7.0 | 5.8 | - | 8.5 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 10.3 | 7.5 | - | 13.7 | 14.0 | 10.4 | - | 18.6 | 10.8 | 8.6 | - | 14.7 | 11.0 | 8.2 | - | 14.6 | 11.0 | 8.2 | - | 14.6 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.1 | 0.9 | - | 1.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 35.9 | 33.5 | - | 38.8 | 32.0 | 29.3 | - | 34.9 | 37.2 | 33.5 | - | 40.9 | 36.0 | 33.0 | - | 39.3 | 28.0 | 25.7 | - | 30.6 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 67.1 | 64.2 | - | 68.6 | 54.0 | 51.5 | - | 55.1 | 69.1 | 65.7 | - | 70.5 | 59.0 | 56.2 | - | 60.2 | 50.0 | 47.7 | - | 51.0 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.0 | 3.1 | - | 5.0 | 3.8 | 2.9 | - | 4.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 34.2 | 32.4 | - | 36.1 | 30.0 | 28.2 | - | 32.5 | 39.1 | 36.7 | - | 42.3 | 31.0 | 29.1 | - | 33.6 | 26.0 | 24.4 | - | 28.1 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.6 | 1.5 | - | 2.1 | 4.0 | 3.3 | - | 5.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.8 | 3.1 | - | 4.8 | 1.6 | 1.3 | - | 2.0 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.43 | 0.36 | - | 0.52 | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.30 | - | 0.49 | 0.40 | 0.33 | - | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.38 | - | 0.54 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.20 | 0.15 | - | 0.25 | 0.39 | 0.34 | - | 0.48 | 0.21 | 0.18 | - | 0.25 | 0.28 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.28 | - | 0.39 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.13 | 0.10 | - | 0.19 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.12 | 0.11 | - | 0.18 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 1.53 | 1.12 | - | 1.93 | 2.70 | 1.97 | - | 3.43 | 1.33 | 1.23 | - | 1.68 | 1.90 | 1.38 | - | 2.41 | 2.40 | 1.75 | - | 3.05 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.16 | 0.12 | - | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.16 | - | 0.25 | 0.14 | 0.13 | - | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.12 | - | 0.19 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.69 | 0.49 | - | 0.99 | 0.08 | 0.06 | - | 0.12 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.57 | 0.41 | - | 0.82 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 5 | 4 | - | 7 | --- | --- | - | --- | 5 | 4 | - | 7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 176 | 126 | - | 254 | --- | --- | - | --- | 106 | 80 | - | 158 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 50 | 40 | - | 67 | --- | --- | - | --- | 44 | 39 | - | 52 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 23 | 18 | - | 27 | 21 | 16 | - | 25 | 25 | 19 | - | 27 | 28 | 21 | - | 34 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | 0.10 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.90 | 1.20 | - | 2.68 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.71 | 0.27 | - | 1.16 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.31 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 85 | 79 | - | 94 | 110 | 103 | - | 123 | 81 | 75 | - | 90 | 125 | 116 | - | 139 | 125 | 116 | - | 139 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 62.4 | 58.8 | - | 65.1 | 65.0 | 61.3 | - | 69.6 | 59.3 | 55.2 | - | 65.1 | 64.0 | 60.3 | - | 68.5 | 60.0 | 56.5 | - | 64.3 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.63 | 0.58 | - | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.61 | - | 0.74 | 0.59 | 0.52 | - | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.60 | - | 0.73 | 0.60 | 0.55 | - | 0.67 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.37 | 0.32 | - | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.32 | - | 0.44 | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.40 | 0.36 | 0.31 | - | 0.43 | 0.30 | 0.26 | - | 0.36 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.64 | 0.60 | - | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.62 | - | 0.71 | 0.61 | 0.56 | - | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.61 | - | 0.70 | 0.60 | 0.56 | - | 0.65 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.02 | 0.97 | - | 1.07 | 1.07 | 1.01 | - | 1.14 | 0.98 | 0.91 | - | 1.07 | 1.05 | 1.00 | - | 1.12 | 0.99 | 0.93 | - | 1.05 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.25 | 1.20 | - | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.23 | - | 1.39 | 1.18 | 1.11 | - | 1.29 | 1.28 | 1.21 | - | 1.37 | 1.20 | 1.14 | - | 1.28 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 5a. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Culled Produce |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Apples | Bananas | Onions | Pineapple, Green Chop | Potatoes | Pumpkins | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 17.0 | 13.8 | - | 22.8 | 24.0 | 19.5 | - | 32.1 | 22.0 | 18.7 | - | 26.4 | 17.0 | 13.8 | - | 22.8 | 22.9 | 18.6 | - | 35.0 | 11.0 | 9.0 | - | 14.7 |
| Moisture, % | 83.0 | 77.2 | - | 86.2 | 83.0 | 77.2 | - | 86.2 | 83.0 | 77.2 | - | 86.2 | 83.0 | 77.2 | - | 86.2 | 83.0 | 77.2 | - | 86.2 | 83.0 | 77.2 | - | 86.2 |
| Ash, % | 2.0 | 1.6 | - | 2.6 | 3.0 | 2.3 | - | 3.9 | 5.6 | 4.3 | - | 6.8 | 7.0 | 5.4 | - | 9.0 | 6.0 | 4.8 | - | 9.3 | 9.0 | 7.0 | - | 11.6 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 3.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 4.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 9.6 | 8.4 | - | 10.3 | 8.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 8.9 | 7.3 | - | 10.5 | 15.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.3 | 0.2 | - | 0.4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 9.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 5.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 10.1 | 5.5 | - | 18.7 | 35.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 4.3 | 3.8 | - | 4.8 | 21.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 25.0 | 17.4 | - | 33.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | 12.7 | 6.1 | - | 18.7 | 64.0 | 44.6 | - | 86.9 | 11.2 | 7.6 | - | 14.8 | 30.0 | 20.9 | - | 40.7 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.1 | 0.5 | - | 1.7 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 7.0 | 5.7 | - | 8.2 | 4.0 | 3.2 | - | 4.7 | 6.3 | 4.7 | - | 7.3 | 24.0 | 19.4 | - | 28.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | - | 2.5 | 14.0 | 11.3 | - | 16.4 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.2 | 19.4 | - | 28.2 | 0.8 | 19.4 | - | 28.2 | 17.8 | 14.1 | - | 20.7 | 2.4 | 19.4 | - | 28.2 | 6.6 | 2.7 | - | 17.9 | 8.9 | 19.4 | - | 28.2 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 38.1 | 34.1 | - | 44.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | 60.9 | 51.3 | - | 70.4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.06 | 0.05 | - | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 0.42 | 0.33 | - | 0.53 | 0.28 | 0.21 | - | 0.40 | 0.09 | 0.07 | - | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.18 | - | 0.34 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.60 | 0.52 | - | 0.69 | 0.11 | 0.10 | - | 0.13 | 0.24 | 0.20 | - | 0.28 | 0.08 | 0.07 | - | 0.09 | 0.27 | 0.24 | - | 0.30 | 0.43 | 0.37 | - | 0.49 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.09 | 0.08 | - | 0.11 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.11 | 0.07 | - | 0.15 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 0.80 | 0.59 | - | 1.03 | 1.50 | 1.10 | - | 1.92 | 0.68 | 0.52 | - | 0.79 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.88 | 1.07 | - | 2.69 | 3.30 | 2.41 | - | 4.23 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.67 | 0.60 | - | 0.77 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.04 | 0.03 | - | 0.06 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.18 | 0.17 | - | 0.20 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.14 | 0.09 | - | 0.19 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.80 | 1.40 | - | 2.20 | 1.36 | 1.17 | - | 1.54 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.26 | 0.18 | - | 0.34 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 5 | 4 | - | 6 | --- | --- | - | --- | 6 | 4 | - | 8 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 250 | 173 | - | 312 | --- | --- | - | --- | 135 | 57 | - | 212 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 15 | 14 | - | 19 | --- | --- | - | --- | 12 | 7 | - | 17 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | 8 | 6 | - | 10 | 22 | 17 | - | 25 | --- | --- | - | --- | 15 | 10 | - | 20 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.57 | 0.31 | - | 0.83 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.01 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 90 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 70.0 | 67.8 | - | 71.7 | 84.0 | 81.4 | - | 86.0 | 92.0 | 89.5 | - | 94.5 | 47.0 | 45.5 | - | 48.1 | 97.4 | 97.4 | - | 98.3 | 80.0 | 77.5 | - | 81.9 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.73 | 0.70 | - | 0.75 | 0.92 | 0.88 | - | 0.95 | 1.04 | 1.01 | - | 1.08 | 0.47 | 0.45 | - | 0.48 | 1.11 | 1.11 | - | 1.13 | 0.86 | 0.83 | - | 0.89 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.44 | 0.42 | - | 0.46 | 0.61 | 0.58 | - | 0.63 | 0.73 | 0.70 | - | 0.76 | 0.07 | 0.07 | - | 0.07 | 0.78 | 0.78 | - | 0.79 | 0.56 | 0.53 | - | 0.58 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.71 | 0.69 | - | 0.73 | 0.87 | 0.84 | - | 0.89 | 0.97 | 0.94 | - | 1.00 | 0.46 | 0.45 | - | 0.47 | 1.03 | 1.03 | - | 1.04 | 0.83 | 0.80 | - | 0.85 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.15 | 1.11 | - | 1.17 | 1.38 | 1.34 | - | 1.41 | 1.51 | 1.47 | - | 1.55 | 0.77 | 0.75 | - | 0.79 | 1.60 | 1.60 | - | 1.61 | 1.31 | 1.27 | - | 1.34 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.40 | 1.37 | - | 1.45 | 1.62 | 1.64 | - | 1.74 | 1.84 | 1.81 | - | 1.90 | 0.94 | 0.92 | - | 0.97 | 1.95 | 1.95 | - | 1.97 | 1.60 | 1.56 | - | 1.66 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 5b. Feedstuffs Composition—Fresh Forages: Culled Produce |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Radishes | Sugarbeet Roots | Turnip Roots | Turnip Tops | ||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 14.3 | 11.1 | - | 18.4 | 23.0 | 18.7 | - | 30.8 | 9.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 18.0 | 14.6 | - | 24.1 |
| Moisture, % | 83.0 | 77.2 | - | 86.2 | 77.0 | 69.2 | - | 81.3 | 91.0 | 88.0 | - | 92.7 | 82.0 | 75.9 | - | 85.4 |
| Ash, % | 18.3 | 13.7 | - | 20.0 | 3.0 | 2.3 | - | 3.9 | 9.0 | 7.0 | - | 11.6 | 14.0 | 10.8 | - | 18.0 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 21.6 | 17.7 | - | 27.1 | 4.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 12.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 18.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.3 | 1.2 | - | 1.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 19.7 | 17.0 | - | 24.8 | 7.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 34.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 | 13.0 | 7.3 | - | 12.1 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 21.0 | 19.6 | - | 26.8 | 16.0 | 11.1 | - | 21.7 | 44.0 | 30.6 | - | 59.7 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | 10.0 | 4.8 | - | 15.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 11.0 | 8.9 | - | 12.9 | 5.0 | 4.1 | - | 5.9 | 11.0 | 8.9 | - | 12.9 | 10.0 | 8.1 | - | 11.8 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.2 | 1.8 | - | 2.7 | 0.4 | 19.4 | - | 28.2 | 1.6 | 19.4 | - | 28.2 | 2.6 | 19.4 | - | 28.2 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.78 | 1.24 | - | 2.36 | 2.50 | 1.88 | - | 3.53 | 0.65 | 0.49 | - | 0.92 | 3.10 | 2.33 | - | 4.38 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.43 | 0.37 | - | 0.50 | 2.30 | 1.99 | - | 2.64 | 0.31 | 0.27 | - | 0.36 | 0.40 | 0.35 | - | 0.46 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.33 | 0.24 | - | 0.48 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 3.73 | 3.21 | - | 4.68 | 15.2 | 11.1 | - | 19.5 | 3.10 | 2.27 | - | 3.98 | 3.00 | 2.19 | - | 3.85 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.39 | 0.04 | - | 0.99 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.63 | 0.48 | - | 0.75 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.43 | 0.34 | - | 0.53 | 0.27 | 0.21 | - | 0.33 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.65 | 0.51 | - | 0.79 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.65 | 0.51 | - | 0.79 | 1.80 | 1.40 | - | 2.20 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 7 | 6 | - | 9 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 391 | 246 | - | 708 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 75 | 49 | - | 95 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 40 | 29 | - | 49 | --- | --- | - | --- | 40 | 29 | - | 49 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 0.90 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 132 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 80.2 | 74.9 | - | 83.0 | 80.0 | 77.5 | - | 81.9 | 86.0 | 83.3 | - | 88.0 | 68.0 | 65.9 | - | 69.6 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.89 | 0.81 | - | 0.92 | 0.86 | 0.83 | - | 0.89 | 0.95 | 0.91 | - | 0.98 | 0.70 | 0.67 | - | 0.72 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.59 | 0.53 | - | 0.62 | 0.56 | 0.53 | - | 0.58 | 0.63 | 0.60 | - | 0.65 | 0.41 | 0.39 | - | 0.42 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.84 | 0.78 | - | 0.87 | 0.83 | 0.80 | - | 0.85 | 0.89 | 0.86 | - | 0.91 | 0.69 | 0.67 | - | 0.71 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.32 | 1.23 | - | 1.36 | 1.31 | 1.27 | - | 1.34 | 1.41 | 1.37 | - | 1.44 | 1.12 | 1.08 | - | 1.14 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.59 | 1.50 | - | 1.68 | 1.60 | 1.56 | - | 1.66 | 1.72 | 1.68 | - | 1.78 | 1.36 | 1.33 | - | 1.41 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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