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(Values derived primarily from survey of ServiTech feed analysis history, but data from other sources may also be included.1)
¶ Table 1a. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Legumes |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Alfalfa Green-Chop | Alfalfa Haylage | Alfalfa Silage | Clover Haylage | ||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 34.6 | 29.5 | - | 40.5 | 40.1 | 33.5 | - | 47.3 | 37.9 | 31.0 | - | 49.5 | 50.7 | 41.0 | - | 60.3 |
| Moisture, % | 65.4 | 59.6 | - | 70.5 | 59.9 | 52.7 | - | 66.5 | 62.1 | 50.6 | - | 69.1 | 49.3 | 39.8 | - | 59.1 |
| Ash, % | 11.1 | 9.1 | - | 13.1 | 12.7 | 10.8 | - | 14.8 | 15.2 | 13.5 | - | 19.4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 23.4 | 21.5 | - | 25.9 | 20.2 | 18.5 | - | 21.8 | 19.9 | 17.9 | - | 22.3 | 15.8 | 13.1 | - | 17.7 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.0 | 0.8 | - | 1.3 | 2.1 | 1.6 | - | 2.9 | 2.1 | 1.8 | - | 2.7 | 2.3 | 1.9 | - | 2.7 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 29.5 | 25.7 | - | 33.4 | 36.5 | 32.6 | - | 40.6 | 35.7 | 31.5 | - | 42.0 | 38.7 | 32.6 | - | 41.5 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 32.4 | 28.6 | - | 37.1 | 42.8 | 38.3 | - | 47.1 | 38.9 | 32.6 | - | 46.2 | 49.7 | 44.0 | - | 56.9 |
| Lignin, % | 6.2 | 4.5 | - | 7.9 | 6.4 | 4.4 | - | 8.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.5 | --- | - | --- | 2.0 | 1.5 | - | 2.6 | 2.0 | 1.5 | - | 2.6 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.9 | 1.3 | - | 2.4 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.9 | 1.4 | - | 2.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.51 | 1.18 | - | 1.84 | 1.59 | 1.38 | - | 1.82 | 1.55 | 1.33 | - | 1.76 | 1.30 | 0.86 | - | 1.58 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.25 | - | 0.34 | 0.28 | 0.23 | - | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.22 | - | 0.34 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.35 | 0.28 | - | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.29 | - | 0.41 | 0.30 | 0.25 | - | 0.38 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 2.88 | 2.30 | - | 3.46 | 2.78 | 2.35 | - | 3.20 | 2.60 | 2.26 | - | 3.06 | 2.16 | 1.67 | - | 2.30 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.07 | 0.04 | - | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.09 | - | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.02 | - | 0.11 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.23 | 0.22 | - | 0.29 | 0.14 | 0.14 | - | 0.16 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.66 | 0.41 | - | 1.03 | 0.63 | 0.41 | - | 0.86 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | 7 | 7 | - | 9 | 8 | 7 | - | 9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | 433 | 277 | - | 753 | 521 | 214 | - | 1230 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | 39 | 32 | - | 48 | 58 | 43 | - | 72 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | 27 | 23 | - | 30 | 26 | 22 | - | 35 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.40 | 0.90 | - | 2.28 | 0.70 | 0.40 | - | 1.85 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 193 | 167 | - | 226 | 131 | 114 | - | 154 | 160 | 125 | - | 207 | 110.1 4 | 94 | - | 132 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 66.9 | 63.3 | - | 71.3 | 59.7 | 55.2 | - | 64.2 | 61.5 | 54.3 | - | 66.8 | 57.0 | 54.3 | - | 64.2 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.70 | 0.64 | - | 0.76 | 0.59 | 0.52 | - | 0.66 | 0.62 | 0.51 | - | 0.70 | 0.55 | 0.51 | - | 0.66 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.43 | 0.38 | - | 0.48 | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.25 | - | 0.43 | 0.29 | 0.25 | - | 0.39 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.69 | 0.65 | - | 0.74 | 0.61 | 0.56 | - | 0.66 | 0.63 | 0.55 | - | 0.69 | 0.58 | 0.55 | - | 0.66 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.10 | 1.04 | - | 1.17 | 0.98 | 0.91 | - | 1.05 | 1.01 | 0.89 | - | 1.10 | 0.94 | 0.89 | - | 1.05 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.34 | 1.27 | - | 1.43 | 1.20 | 1.11 | - | 1.29 | 1.23 | 1.07 | - | 1.34 | 1.14 | 1.09 | - | 1.29 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 1b. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Legumes |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Haylage3 | Soybean Silage | Peavine Silage | |||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 36.7 | 29.8 | - | 45.3 | 34.3 | 28.4 | - | 44.8 | 25.0 | 20.8 | - | 29.6 |
| Moisture, % | 63.3 | 54.7 | - | 70.2 | 65.7 | 55.3 | - | 71.6 | 75.0 | 79.2 | - | 70.4 |
| Ash, % | 12.0 | 11.0 | - | 14.6 | 9.8 | 7.2 | - | 12.5 | 9.0 | 7.7 | - | 11.0 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 18.4 | 15.1 | - | 20.6 | 15.1 | 13.3 | - | 17.4 | 18.0 | 15.4 | - | 20.2 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.6 | 1.2 | - | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.0 | - | 2.1 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 38.1 | 33.8 | - | 42.3 | 41.5 | 36.7 | - | 44.4 | 44.0 | 38.8 | - | 48.9 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 45.8 | 40.7 | - | 52.3 | 47.5 | 39.7 | - | 55.4 | 55.0 | 48.7 | - | 63.0 |
| Lignin, % | 5.5 | 3.9 | - | 7.0 | 8.0 | 6.3 | - | 9.7 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 30.1 | 26.2 | - | 34.7 | 28.0 | 20.2 | - | 35.8 | 29.0 | 20.9 | - | 37.1 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.0 | 1.7 | - | 2.4 | 4.3 | 2.6 | - | 6.0 | 3.3 | 2.4 | - | 4.2 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.2 | 2.9 | - | 5.6 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.39 | 0.83 | - | 1.68 | 1.38 | 1.14 | - | 1.64 | 1.25 | 0.90 | - | 1.50 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.33 | 0.26 | 0.22 | - | 0.40 | 0.28 | 0.23 | - | 0.33 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.22 | - | 0.54 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 2.47 | 2.10 | - | 2.90 | 1.81 | 1.22 | - | 2.40 | 1.60 | 1.31 | - | 1.89 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.09 | 0.06 | - | 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.24 | 0.18 | - | 0.29 | 0.20 | 0.15 | - | 0.25 | 0.29 | 0.22 | - | 0.36 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.39 | 0.34 | - | 0.67 | 0.47 | 0.29 | - | 0.66 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 7 | 6 | - | 9 | 0.3 | 0.2 | - | 2.0 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 782 | 328 | - | 1470 | 1191 | 1175 | - | 1207 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 48 | 40 | - | 61 | 86 | 55 | - | 116 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 28 | 23 | - | 34 | 47 | 35 | - | 59 | 32 | 27 | - | 39 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | 0.90 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.80 | 1.18 | - | 2.90 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.12 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | 1.70 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 123 | 103 | - | 150 | 111 | 95 | - | 133 | 92 | 79 | - | 111 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 59.7 | 55.2 | - | 64.2 | 56.8 | 52.5 | - | 61.1 | 51.3 | 47.4 | - | 55.2 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.59 | 0.52 | - | 0.66 | 0.55 | 0.48 | - | 0.61 | 0.51 | 0.45 | - | 0.57 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.39 | 0.29 | 0.23 | - | 0.35 | 0.15 | 0.12 | - | 0.17 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.61 | 0.56 | - | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.53 | - | 0.63 | 0.50 | 0.46 | - | 0.54 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.98 | 0.91 | - | 1.05 | 0.93 | 0.86 | - | 1.00 | 0.84 | 0.78 | - | 0.91 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.20 | 1.11 | - | 1.29 | 1.12 | 1.04 | - | 1.21 | 1.03 | 0.95 | - | 1.11 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 2a. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Corn & Sorghums |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Corn Green Chop | Corn Silage | Corn Earlage | Corn Shuckage | Stalklage | Popcorn Silage | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 31.7 | 28.3 | - | 36.2 | 34.3 | 30.8 | - | 38.5 | 64.4 | 60.2 | - | 69.2 | 51.5 | 43.8 | - | 58.3 | 46.4 | 40.0 | - | 54.5 | 28.0 | 23.3 | - | 31.0 |
| Moisture, % | 68.4 | 63.8 | - | 71.7 | 65.7 | 61.5 | - | 69.2 | 35.6 | 30.8 | - | 39.8 | 48.5 | 41.7 | - | 56.2 | 53.7 | 45.5 | - | 60.0 | 72.0 | 69.0 | - | 76.7 |
| Ash, % | 4.0 | 3.0 | - | 5.1 | 6.2 | 5.3 | - | 7.3 | 2.2 | 1.9 | - | 2.5 | 5.0 | 3.9 | - | 6.0 | 12.2 | 9.0 | - | 15.3 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 7.8 | 7.1 | - | 8.7 | 8.1 | 7.4 | - | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.5 | - | 8.6 | 9.5 | 8.5 | - | 10.3 | 5.0 | 4.4 | - | 5.9 | 10.3 | 9.6 | - | 10.9 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 0.6 | 0.5 | - | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.8 | - | 1.7 | 1.1 | 0.7 | - | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.3 | - | 2.1 | 0.9 | 0.6 | - | 1.1 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 23.2 | 21.1 | - | 25.6 | 25.1 | 22.2 | - | 28.5 | 9.9 | 8.5 | - | 11.6 | 25.5 | 19.6 | - | 30.8 | 46.2 | 41.8 | - | 50.9 | 37.7 | 33.4 | - | 43.3 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 43.1 | 39.1 | - | 46.8 | 40.9 | 37.1 | - | 45.4 | 21.0 | 18.7 | - | 23.8 | 49.0 | 38.9 | - | 58.8 | 59.8 | 52.2 | - | 62.4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | 3.4 | 2.7 | - | 4.0 | 3.0 | 2.4 | - | 3.7 | 1.7 | 1.3 | - | 2.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 6.1 | 4.4 | - | 7.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 20.9 | 20.3 | - | 23.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 21.9 | 18.4 | - | 27.4 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.9 | 2.7 | - | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.2 | - | 2.9 | 3.4 | 3.1 | - | 3.7 | 2.2 | 1.6 | - | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.1 | - | 2.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | 31.7 | 27.3 | - | 37.4 | 32.8 | 27.9 | - | 37.2 | 60.2 | 54.1 | - | 66.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 6.0 | 3.6 | - | 8.4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.2 | 1.2 | - | 7.1 | 1.5 | 0.2 | - | 2.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.21 | 0.18 | - | 0.28 | 0.23 | 0.19 | - | 0.31 | 0.04 | 0.03 | - | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.12 | - | 0.20 | 3.76 | 0.86 | - | 4.54 | 0.48 | 0.45 | - | 0.60 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.23 | 0.21 | - | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.20 | - | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.23 | - | 0.29 | 0.26 | 0.23 | - | 0.31 | 0.10 | 0.08 | - | 0.12 | 0.23 | 0.21 | - | 0.25 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.16 | 0.14 | - | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.15 | - | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.11 | - | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.13 | - | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.33 | 0.41 | 0.31 | - | 0.43 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.33 | 1.25 | - | 1.51 | 1.19 | 1.00 | - | 1.40 | 0.45 | 0.40 | - | 0.51 | 0.95 | 0.75 | - | 1.18 | 1.19 | 1.06 | - | 1.44 | 1.37 | 1.08 | - | 1.70 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | - | 0.01 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.24 | 0.12 | - | 0.52 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.10 | 0.09 | - | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.09 | - | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.08 | - | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.12 | - | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.06 | - | 0.14 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.27 | 0.16 | - | 0.38 | 0.18 | 0.13 | - | 0.30 | 0.08 | 0.06 | - | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.18 | 0.53 | 0.38 | - | 0.68 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 6 | 4 | - | 8 | 5 | 4 | - | 6 | 3 | 2 | - | 3 | 5 | 4 | - | 7 | 8 | 5 | - | 11 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 144 | 99 | - | 190 | 151 | 92 | - | 299 | 50 | 38 | - | 72 | 192 | 133 | - | 324 | 1021 | 606 | - | 1436 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 31 | 22 | - | 40 | 38 | 30 | - | 50 | 11 | 9 | - | 14 | 24 | 19 | - | 30 | 64 | 48 | - | 80 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 26 | 18 | - | 34 | 25 | 20 | - | 30 | 21 | 18 | - | 23 | 29 | 26 | - | 33 | 30 | 16 | - | 44 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | 0.73 | 0.48 | - | 0.99 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.60 | 0.40 | - | 1.00 | 0.65 | 0.50 | - | 0.88 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.05 | 0.56 | - | 1.55 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.08 | --- | - | --- | 0.16 | 0.15 | - | 0.17 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 153 | --- | - | --- | 153 | 117 | - | 174 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 82 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 71.8 | 70.2 | - | 72.8 | 70.2 | 68.0 | - | 72.3 | 80.3 | 79.2 | - | 81.3 | 70.2 | 66.4 | - | 73.3 | 50.3 | 46.2 | - | 54.3 | 62.2 | 58.5 | - | 64.9 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.77 | 0.75 | - | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.71 | - | 0.78 | 0.89 | 0.87 | - | 0.90 | 0.75 | 0.69 | - | 0.79 | 0.45 | 0.4 | - | 0.5 | 0.63 | 0.57 | - | 0.67 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.49 | 0.47 | - | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.44 | - | 0.50 | 0.59 | 0.58 | - | 0.60 | 0.47 | 0.42 | - | 0.51 | 0.20 | 0.13 | - | 0.25 | 0.37 | 0.31 | - | 0.40 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.76 | 0.73 | - | 0.78 | 0.73 | 0.69 | - | 0.77 | 0.92 | 0.89 | - | 0.94 | 0.73 | 0.66 | - | 0.79 | 0.51 | 0.46 | - | 0.55 | 0.58 | 0.51 | - | 0.63 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.18 | 1.15 | - | 1.20 | 1.15 | 1.12 | - | 1.19 | 1.32 | 1.30 | - | 1.33 | 1.15 | 1.09 | - | 1.20 | 0.83 | 0.76 | - | 0.89 | 1.02 | 0.96 | - | 1.07 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.44 | 1.41 | - | 1.46 | 1.41 | 1.36 | - | 1.45 | 1.61 | 1.59 | - | 1.63 | 1.41 | 1.33 | - | 1.47 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.25 | 1.17 | - | 1.30 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 2b. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Corn & Sorghums |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Sorghum Silage | Milo Silage3 | Milo Head Chop3 | Cane Silage | Sorghum-Sudan Silage | Sudangrass Silage | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 29.7 | 26.3 | - | 33.6 | 35.5 | 29.8 | - | 43.2 | 58.1 | 50.8 | - | 68.7 | 28.2 | 24.5 | - | 32.5 | 30.8 | 26.5 | - | 39.1 | 29.1 | 23.3 | - | 35.9 |
| Moisture, % | 70.3 | 66.4 | - | 73.7 | 64.5 | 56.8 | - | 70.3 | 41.9 | 31.3 | - | 49.2 | 71.8 | 67.6 | - | 75.5 | 69.2 | 60.9 | - | 73.5 | 71.0 | 64.1 | - | 76.7 |
| Ash, % | 10.3 | 8.9 | - | 12.7 | 10.1 | 8.1 | - | 12.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | - | 7.7 | 13.7 | 9.5 | - | 17.5 | 10.2 | 7.3 | - | 13.1 | 16.0 | 14.0 | - | 17.6 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 8.2 | 7.0 | - | 9.4 | 9.3 | 8.3 | - | 10.6 | 9.0 | 8.2 | - | 9.7 | 8.0 | 6.6 | - | 9.4 | 9.6 | 8.1 | - | 11.3 | 9.0 | 7.1 | - | 11.2 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.4 | 1.0 | - | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.1 | - | 1.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.6 | 1.1 | - | 2.4 | 1.0 | 0.7 | - | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | - | 1.7 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 36.3 | 32.9 | - | 40.1 | 31.2 | 25.7 | - | 36.5 | 18.0 | 16.1 | - | 22.5 | 36.1 | 32.6 | - | 39.7 | 37.4 | 34.0 | - | 41.1 | 39.2 | 35.7 | - | 42.5 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 53.5 | 49.0 | - | 58.1 | 46.4 | 41.2 | - | 52.5 | 33.0 | 26.6 | - | 41.3 | 54.8 | 50.1 | - | 60.8 | 55.0 | 52.3 | - | 59.3 | 59.4 | 55.5 | - | 64.2 |
| Lignin, % | 5.3 | 4.6 | - | 6.0 | 5.6 | 4.9 | - | 6.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 19.7 | 15.3 | - | 24.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 5.8 | 4.5 | - | 7.0 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 28.7 | 26.2 | - | 31.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.0 | 1.7 | - | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.9 | - | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.5 | - | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.3 | - | 2.5 | 3.3 | 2.5 | - | 4.1 | 2.3 | 2.1 | - | 2.9 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 28.6 | 22.8 | - | 34.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | 7.6 | 4.0 | - | 11.8 | 3.7 | 2.5 | - | 4.5 | 1.8 | 1.2 | - | 2.4 |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 5.8 | 1.9 | - | 9.7 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.38 | 0.31 | - | 0.47 | 0.33 | 0.24 | - | 0.43 | 0.15 | 0.11 | - | 0.19 | 0.36 | 0.30 | - | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.39 | - | 0.65 | 0.48 | 0.39 | - | 0.63 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.19 | 0.16 | - | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.19 | - | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.25 | - | 0.29 | 0.19 | 0.16 | - | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.16 | - | 0.28 | 0.23 | 0.18 | - | 0.29 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.27 | 0.22 | - | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.16 | - | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.15 | - | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.19 | - | 0.28 | 0.33 | 0.25 | - | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.21 | - | 0.39 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.85 | 1.56 | - | 2.21 | 1.31 | 1.00 | - | 1.66 | 0.66 | 0.57 | - | 0.72 | 1.93 | 1.54 | - | 2.27 | 2.18 | 1.87 | - | 3.10 | 2.48 | 2.14 | - | 3.13 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.03 | 0.01 | - | 0.04 | 0.020 | 0.02 | - | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | - | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0.07 | - | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.05 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.11 | 0.09 | - | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.09 | - | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.09 | - | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.09 | - | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.11 | - | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.10 | - | 0.16 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.56 | 0.32 | - | 0.73 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.76 | 0.44 | - | 1.08 | 0.92 | 0.56 | - | 1.28 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 6 | 5 | - | 8 | 5 | 4 | - | 6 | 6 | 4 | - | 8 | 22 | 11 | - | 33 | 11 | 7 | - | 14 | 12 | 9 | - | 16 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 293 | 158 | - | 558 | --- | --- | - | --- | 113 | 98 | - | 221 | --- | --- | - | --- | 747 | 327 | - | 1167 | 1239 | 634 | - | 1844 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 57 | 43 | - | 70 | 43 | 28 | - | 59 | 33 | 28 | - | 43 | 130 | 74 | - | 186 | 61 | 44 | - | 79 | 75 | 53 | - | 97 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 31 | 24 | - | 38 | 21 | 14 | - | 27 | 24 | 22 | - | 27 | --- | --- | - | --- | 37 | 25 | - | 49 | 41 | 29 | - | 54 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 0.90 | 0.65 | - | 1.00 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.30 | 0.11 | - | 0.50 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.90 | 1.38 | - | 2.42 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.51 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.15 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | 2.80 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | - | --- | 130 | 118 | - | 144 | --- | --- | - | --- | 103 | 93 | - | 114 | 83 | 76 | - | 92 | 96 | 87 | - | 103 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 61.5 | 57.9 | - | 66.0 | 66.9 | 60.6 | - | 73.1 | 74.9 | 72.0 | - | 75.8 | 62.4 | 57.9 | - | 66.0 | 60.6 | 57.0 | - | 64.2 | 58.8 | 55.2 | - | 62.4 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.62 | 0.56 | - | 0.68 | 0.70 | 0.60 | - | 0.79 | 0.81 | 0.77 | - | 0.82 | 0.63 | 0.56 | - | 0.68 | 0.60 | 0.55 | - | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.52 | - | 0.63 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.36 | 0.31 | - | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.34 | - | 0.51 | 0.53 | 0.49 | - | 0.54 | 0.37 | 0.31 | - | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.29 | - | 0.39 | 0.32 | 0.27 | - | 0.37 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.63 | 0.59 | - | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.62 | - | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.75 | - | 0.79 | 0.64 | 0.59 | - | 0.68 | 0.62 | 0.58 | - | 0.66 | 0.60 | 0.56 | - | 0.64 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.01 | 0.95 | - | 1.08 | 1.10 | 1.00 | - | 1.20 | 1.23 | 1.19 | - | 1.24 | 1.02 | 0.95 | - | 1.08 | 1.00 | 0.94 | - | 1.05 | 0.97 | 0.91 | - | 1.02 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.23 | 1.16 | - | 1.32 | 1.32 | 1.21 | - | 1.45 | 1.50 | 1.45 | - | 1.53 | 1.25 | 1.17 | - | 1.32 | 1.21 | 1.14 | - | 1.29 | 1.18 | 1.11 | - | 1.25 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
¶ Table 2c. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Corn & Sorghums |
||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Forage Sorghum Silage | “Sumac” Silage | ||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 27.9 | 23.6 | - | 32.3 | 26.2 | 22.6 | - | 30.2 |
| Moisture, % | 72.1 | 67.7 | - | 76.4 | 73.8 | 65.8 | - | 79.2 |
| Ash, % | 8.9 | 6.0 | - | 11.8 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 6.7 | 4.7 | - | 8.7 | 7.0 | 6.2 | - | 8.0 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.0 | 0.7 | - | 1.4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 36.0 | 30.9 | - | 40.0 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 57.0 | 49.2 | - | 62.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | 5.3 | 4.0 | - | 6.7 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.9 | 2.1 | - | 3.7 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | 9.8 | 5.4 | - | 14.2 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | 1.4 | 1.0 | - | 1.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.40 | 0.36 | - | 0.43 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.18 | 0.16 | - | 0.21 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.21 | 0.19 | - | 0.31 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 1.75 | 1.35 | - | 2.40 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.04 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.15 | 0.07 | - | 0.24 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.70 | 0.38 | - | 1.02 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 9 | 5 | - | 12 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 423 | 224 | - | 622 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 53 | 30 | - | 76 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 34 | 25 | - | 43 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | 1.98 | 1.12 | - | 2.84 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 0.56 | 0.28 | - | 0.84 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 99 | 90 | - | 110 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 62.3 | 57.9 | - | 67.8 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.63 | 0.56 | - | 0.71 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.37 | 0.31 | - | 0.44 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.64 | 0.59 | - | 0.70 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.02 | 0.95 | - | 1.11 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.25 | 1.16 | - | 1.36 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||
¶ Table 3a. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Small Grains |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Barley Silage | Millet Silage | Oat Silage | Rye Silage | Triticale Silage | Wheat SIlage | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 33.2 | 30.5 | - | 38.5 | 33.0 | 26.2 | - | 41.2 | 32.5 | 27.7 | - | 39.6 | 30.1 | 25.2 | - | 36.5 | 34.0 | 29.9 | - | 38.9 | 35.7 | 31.2 | - | 40.6 |
| Moisture, % | 66.8 | 61.5 | - | 69.5 | 67.0 | 58.8 | - | 73.8 | 67.5 | 60.5 | - | 72.3 | 69.9 | 63.5 | - | 74.8 | 66.0 | 61.1 | - | 70.1 | 64.3 | 59.4 | - | 68.8 |
| Ash, % | 11.4 | 10.4 | - | 13.0 | 11.8 | 8.6 | - | 14.9 | 9.8 | 7.3 | - | 12.3 | 10.3 | 9.6 | - | 12.0 | 12.1 | 10.7 | - | 14.3 | 10.3 | 7.9 | - | 12.9 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 11.4 | 10.0 | - | 13.1 | 10.1 | 8.2 | - | 11.4 | 10.7 | 9.1 | - | 12.5 | 12.2 | 9.7 | - | 14.3 | 11.7 | 9.8 | - | 14.0 | 11.6 | 9.4 | - | 13.9 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 0.8 | 0.5 | - | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.5 | - | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.0 | - | 2.1 | 1.7 | 1.3 | - | 2.2 | 1.3 | 0.8 | - | 1.9 | 0.9 | 0.6 | - | 1.5 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 33.1 | 30.1 | - | 36.4 | 38.8 | 36.0 | - | 42.5 | 38.6 | 36.3 | - | 42.2 | 41.3 | 37.8 | - | 44.7 | 40.3 | 36.9 | - | 43.9 | 37.1 | 33.7 | - | 41.2 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 54.1 | 50.0 | - | 56.7 | 58.4 | 56.4 | - | 64.3 | 59.5 | 53.6 | - | 64.0 | 62.9 | 58.5 | - | 67.1 | 59.9 | 56.8 | - | 63.2 | 58.1 | 53.0 | - | 63.1 |
| Lignin, % | 4.8 | 3.5 | - | 6.1 | 6.0 | 4.2 | - | 7.8 | 5.3 | 4.1 | - | 6.6 | 4.8 | 3.4 | - | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.1 | - | 6.4 | 5.6 | 4.8 | - | 6.2 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 27.0 | 26.4 | - | 29.1 | 32.0 | 29.6 | - | 37.0 | 32.4 | 28.8 | - | 36.3 | 33.5 | 31.0 | - | 40.1 | 32.0 | 30.2 | - | 38.3 | 27.3 | 24.8 | - | 31.6 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.2 | 1.8 | - | 2.8 | 2.3 | 1.4 | - | 3.3 | 3.7 | 2.8 | - | 4.5 | 2.6 | 2.3 | - | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.1 | - | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.0 | - | 2.8 |
| Total starch, % | 9.2 | 5.1 | - | 13.3 | 3.6 | 2.1 | - | 5.1 | 2.7 | 1.2 | - | 4.3 | 1.6 | 1.1 | - | 2.2 | 1.6 | 0.3 | - | 5.7 | 6.6 | 3.2 | - | 10.0 |
| Total sugars as invert, % | 9.6 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.0 | --- | - | --- | 2.5 | 0.7 | - | 5.9 | 1.8 | 1.3 | - | 2.3 |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.38 | 0.30 | - | 0.51 | 0.47 | 0.40 | - | 0.62 | 0.34 | 0.26 | - | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.31 | - | 0.50 | 0.38 | 0.29 | - | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.28 | - | 0.47 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.28 | 0.25 | - | 0.33 | 0.23 | 0.20 | - | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.22 | - | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.40 | 0.28 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.27 | 0.22 | - | 0.31 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.18 | 0.15 | - | 0.22 | 0.37 | 0.24 | - | 0.45 | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.13 | - | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.12 | - | 0.20 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.84 | 1.55 | - | 2.37 | 2.41 | 2.08 | - | 3.06 | 2.36 | 1.95 | - | 2.79 | 2.44 | 2.01 | - | 2.90 | 2.70 | 2.16 | - | 3.29 | 2.14 | 1.79 | - | 2.53 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.15 | 0.07 | - | 0.22 | 0.03 | 0.01 | - | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.02 | - | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.01 | - | 0.23 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.20 | 0.17 | - | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.14 | - | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.16 | - | 0.23 | 0.16 | 0.14 | - | 0.19 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.86 | 0.44 | - | 1.28 | 1.21 | 0.88 | - | 1.54 | 0.91 | 0.49 | - | 1.33 | 0.85 | 0.51 | - | 0.92 | 1.65 | 1.39 | - | 1.79 | 0.50 | 0.28 | - | 0.68 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 5 | 5 | - | 6 | 9 | 7 | - | 12 | 4 | 4 | - | 5 | 7 | 6 | - | 8 | 6 | 5 | - | 7 | 5 | 4 | - | 6 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 149 | 121 | - | 227 | 618 | 355 | - | 881 | 297 | 163 | - | 434 | 323 | 217 | - | 508 | 286 | 166 | - | 536 | 312 | 170 | - | 504 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 32 | 26 | - | 37 | 98 | 70 | - | 126 | 68 | 42 | - | 92 | 44 | 31 | - | 109 | 43 | 31 | - | 56 | 39 | 26 | - | 50 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 23 | 20 | - | 29 | 47 | 31 | - | 62 | 21 | 18 | - | 27 | 36 | 28 | - | 40 | 34 | 26 | - | 41 | 34 | 28 | - | 41 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | 1.41 | 0.84 | - | 1.98 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.49 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.20 | 0.77 | - | 1.63 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.07 | 0.71 | - | 1.44 | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 1.20 | 0.38 | - | 1.48 | 1.56 | 1.15 | - | 1.98 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.18 | 0.13 | - | 0.23 |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 143 | 136 | - | 145 | 86 | 81 | - | 100 | 92 | 82 | - | 102 | 82 | 73 | - | 96 | 94 | 84 | - | 103 | 95 | 83 | - | 105 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 65.1 | 61.5 | - | 68.7 | 58.8 | 55.4 | - | 62.2 | 59.5 | 55.2 | - | 62.2 | 56.1 | 52.5 | - | 60.4 | 57.0 | 53.4 | - | 61.5 | 61.5 | 57.0 | - | 66.9 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.67 | 0.62 | - | 0.72 | 0.58 | 0.53 | - | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.52 | - | 0.63 | 0.54 | 0.48 | - | 0.60 | 0.55 | 0.49 | - | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.55 | - | 0.70 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.40 | 0.36 | - | 0.45 | 0.32 | 0.27 | - | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.23 | - | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.29 | - | 0.43 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.67 | 0.63 | - | 0.71 | 0.60 | 0.56 | - | 0.64 | 0.61 | 0.56 | - | 0.64 | 0.57 | 0.53 | - | 0.62 | 0.58 | 0.54 | - | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.58 | - | 0.69 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.07 | 1.01 | - | 1.13 | 0.97 | 0.91 | - | 1.02 | 0.98 | 0.91 | - | 1.02 | 0.92 | 0.86 | - | 0.99 | 0.94 | 0.88 | - | 1.01 | 1.01 | 0.94 | - | 1.10 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.30 | 1.24 | - | 1.38 | 1.16 | 1.11 | - | 1.23 | 1.18 | 1.11 | - | 1.23 | 1.12 | 1.05 | - | 1.20 | 1.14 | 1.07 | - | 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.14 | - | 1.34 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
¶ Table 3b. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Corn & Sorghums |
||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Small Grain Silage3 | Oatlage4 | Wheatlage4 | |||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 33.0 | 30.1 | - | 36.4 | 33.7 | 28.6 | - | 40.6 | 33.9 | 30.1 | - | 38.7 |
| Moisture, % | 67.0 | 63.6 | - | 69.9 | 66.3 | 59.4 | - | 71.4 | 66.1 | 61.3 | - | 69.9 |
| Ash, % | 10.6 | 8.7 | - | 13.2 | 10.2 | 9.6 | - | 14.1 | 8.8 | 6.3 | - | 12.7 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 11.1 | 10.0 | - | 12.6 | 11.3 | 9.7 | - | 13.0 | 12.3 | 10.6 | - | 14.0 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.3 | 0.9 | - | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.1 | - | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.1 | - | 1.8 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 39.8 | 36.6 | - | 42.9 | 37.8 | 34.0 | - | 41.5 | 38.5 | 35.4 | - | 41.9 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 56.9 | 53.1 | - | 60.7 | 58.6 | 54.5 | - | 62.7 | 58.7 | 54.8 | - | 62.0 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 5.3 | 4.1 | - | 6.6 | 5.0 | 4.4 | - | 6.2 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 32.1 | 30.1 | - | 33.7 | 32.8 | 30.3 | - | 37.9 | 31.3 | 26.8 | - | 37.3 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.7 | 3.4 | - | 3.9 | 2.4 | 2.1 | - | 2.9 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.7 | 1.2 | - | 4.3 | 6.6 | 3.2 | - | 10.0 |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.8 | 1.3 | - | 2.3 |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.37 | 0.30 | - | 0.50 | 0.36 | 0.29 | - | 0.48 | 0.37 | 0.32 | - | 0.44 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.27 | 0.24 | - | 0.31 | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.26 | 0.23 | - | 0.29 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.18 | 0.16 | - | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.16 | - | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.14 | - | 0.18 |
| Potassium, % K | 2.29 | 1.98 | - | 2.76 | 2.39 | 1.99 | - | 2.77 | 2.41 | 2.02 | - | 3.00 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 0.23 | 0.11 | - | 0.35 | 0.02 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.18 | 0.15 | - | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.15 | - | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.17 | - | 0.24 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.91 | 0.49 | - | 1.33 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | 5 | 4 | - | 6 | 5 | 4 | - | 6 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | 240 | 91 | - | 540 | 280 | 212 | - | 514 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | 76 | 75 | - | 99 | 46 | 35 | - | 61 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | 23 | 20 | - | 26 | 33 | 26 | - | 39 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.49 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.07 | 0.71 | - | 1.44 | 1.56 | 1.15 | - | 1.98 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.18 | 0.13 | - | 0.23 |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | - | --- | 94 | 84 | - | 104 | 93 | 83 | - | 103 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 57.9 | 54.3 | - | 61.5 | 60.3 | 56.1 | - | 64.2 | 58.8 | 55.2 | - | 62.4 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.56 | 0.51 | - | 0.62 | 0.60 | 0.54 | - | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.52 | - | 0.63 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.31 | 0.25 | - | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.28 | - | 0.39 | 0.32 | 0.27 | - | 0.37 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.59 | 0.55 | - | 0.63 | 0.62 | 0.57 | - | 0.66 | 0.60 | 0.56 | - | 0.64 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.95 | 0.89 | - | 1.01 | 0.99 | 0.92 | - | 1.05 | 0.97 | 0.91 | - | 1.02 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.16 | 1.09 | - | 1.23 | 1.21 | 1.12 | - | 1.29 | 1.18 | 1.11 | - | 1.25 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||
¶ Table 4a. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Grasses |
||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Bermudagrass Silage | Bromegrass Silage | Fescue Silage | Ryegrass Silage | ||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 26.0 | 21.2 | - | 32.2 | 46.5 | 32.0 | - | 57.2 | 52.8 | 43.0 | - | 65.3 | 32.0 | 26.1 | - | 39.6 |
| Moisture, % | 74.0 | 60.0 | - | 88.0 | 53.5 | 42.8 | - | 68.0 | 47.2 | 38.3 | - | 56.2 | 68.0 | 55.1 | - | 80.9 |
| Ash, % | 8.0 | 6.8 | - | 9.9 | 8.0 | 6.8 | - | 9.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | 8.0 | 6.8 | - | 9.9 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 10.0 | 7.9 | - | 12.6 | 9.8 | 9.0 | - | 10.4 | 10.3 | 8.1 | - | 12.9 | 14.0 | 11.0 | - | 17.6 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.9 | 1.4 | - | 2.3 | 1.6 | 1.2 | - | 1.8 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 35.0 | 31.7 | - | 38.8 | 40.8 | 38.5 | - | 43.8 | 45.9 | 41.5 | - | 50.8 | 37.0 | 33.5 | - | 41.0 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 71.0 | 63.6 | - | 75.7 | 71.1 | 66.6 | - | 75.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | 59.0 | 52.9 | - | 62.9 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 28.0 | 25.3 | - | 31.0 | 28.0 | 25.3 | - | 31.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | 22.0 | 19.9 | - | 24.4 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.9 | 1.5 | - | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.0 | - | 3.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.3 | 2.6 | - | 4.2 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.46 | 0.38 | - | 0.56 | 0.47 | 0.42 | - | 0.52 | 0.93 | 0.76 | - | 1.12 | 0.43 | 0.35 | - | 0.52 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.20 | 0.21 | - | 0.31 | 0.22 | 0.14 | - | 0.30 | 0.25 | 0.21 | - | 0.31 | 0.38 | 0.21 | - | 0.31 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.20 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 1.50 | 1.20 | - | 1.83 | 1.67 | 0.86 | - | 2.48 | 2.09 | 1.67 | - | 2.55 | 2.90 | 2.32 | - | 3.54 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.04 | 0.03 | - | 0.06 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.25 | 0.21 | - | 0.32 | 0.13 | 0.11 | - | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.19 | - | 0.30 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | 5 | 4 | - | 6 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | 69 | 63 | - | 75 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 31 | 29 | - | 33 | 16 | 10 | - | 22 | --- | --- | - | --- | 29 | 27 | - | 31 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 81 | --- | - | --- | 75 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 95 | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 62.8 | 58.3 | - | 66.9 | 57.0 | 53.4 | - | 59.7 | 51.2 | 47.8 | - | 56.6 | 61.2 | 56.8 | - | 65.2 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.64 | 0.56 | - | 0.70 | 0.55 | 0.49 | - | 0.59 | 0.46 | 0.41 | - | 0.54 | 0.62 | 0.54 | - | 0.68 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.34 | 0.28 | - | 0.39 | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.33 | 0.21 | 0.16 | - | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.26 | - | 0.36 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.63 | 0.58 | - | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.54 | - | 0.61 | 0.52 | 0.48 | - | 0.58 | 0.61 | 0.57 | - | 0.65 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.03 | 0.96 | - | 1.09 | 0.94 | 0.88 | - | 0.98 | 0.84 | 0.79 | - | 0.93 | 1.01 | 0.94 | - | 1.07 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.26 | 1.17 | - | 1.35 | 1.14 | 1.07 | - | 1.20 | 1.03 | 0.96 | - | 1.14 | 1.23 | 1.14 | - | 1.32 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||
¶ Table 4b. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Grasses |
||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Timothy Silage | Wheatgrass Silage | Grass Silage3 | |||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 34.0 | 27.7 | - | 42.1 | 47.7 | 39.6 | - | 77.1 | 33.1 | 26.4 | - | 41.1 |
| Moisture, % | 66.0 | 53.5 | - | 78.5 | 52.3 | 22.9 | - | 60.4 | 67.0 | 58.9 | - | 73.6 |
| Ash, % | 7.0 | 6.0 | - | 8.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | 11.0 | 9.3 | - | 12.7 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 11.0 | 8.7 | - | 13.8 | 7.9 | 5.6 | - | 11.2 | 14.3 | 11.5 | - | 17.8 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.9 | 1.3 | - | 2.1 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 45.0 | 40.7 | - | 49.8 | 41.5 | 36.8 | - | 45.6 | 35.8 | 32.4 | - | 40.1 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 70.0 | 62.7 | - | 74.6 | 71.5 | 64.1 | - | 76.2 | 57.8 | 51.8 | - | 61.6 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 6.2 | 5.6 | - | 6.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 34.0 | 30.8 | - | 37.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | 30.7 | 27.7 | - | 33.9 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 3.4 | 2.7 | - | 4.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.2 | 2.6 | - | 4.0 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.50 | 0.41 | - | 0.61 | 0.26 | 0.21 | - | 0.31 | 0.56 | 0.46 | - | 0.68 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.27 | 0.21 | - | 0.31 | 0.17 | 0.21 | - | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.25 | - | 0.37 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.08 | 0.06 | - | 0.10 | 0.23 | 0.19 | - | 0.29 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.70 | 1.36 | - | 2.08 | 1.29 | 1.03 | - | 1.58 | 2.61 | 2.09 | - | 3.19 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.08 | 0.05 | - | 0.23 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.15 | 0.13 | - | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.09 | - | 0.14 | 0.21 | 0.18 | - | 0.28 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.46 | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 8 | 7 | - | 9 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 246 | 171 | - | 468 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 106 | 84 | - | 156 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 39 | 33 | - | 52 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.80 | 0.40 | - | 1.80 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 72 | --- | - | --- | 74 | --- | - | --- | 98 | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 55.1 | 51.2 | - | 58.7 | 56.1 | 51.8 | - | 61.5 | 62.4 | 57.9 | - | 66.0 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.54 | 0.48 | - | 0.60 | 0.54 | 0.47 | - | 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.56 | - | 0.68 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.22 | 0.18 | - | 0.25 | 0.28 | 0.22 | - | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.31 | - | 0.42 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.54 | 0.50 | - | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.52 | - | 0.63 | 0.64 | 0.59 | - | 0.68 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.91 | 0.84 | - | 0.96 | 0.93 | 0.85 | - | 1.01 | 1.02 | 0.95 | - | 1.08 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.10 | 1.02 | - | 1.19 | 1.13 | 1.04 | - | 1.23 | 1.25 | 1.16 | - | 1.32 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||
¶ Table 5a. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Alternative Forages |
||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Beet Top Silage | Hop Vine Silage | Kochia Silage | Peavine Silage | ||||||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 25.0 | 21.7 | - | 29.2 | 30.0 | 26.0 | - | 35.1 | 36.0 | 31.1 | - | 39.2 | 25.0 | 21.7 | - | 29.2 |
| Moisture, % | 75.0 | 69.8 | - | 80.1 | 70.0 | 65.2 | - | 74.8 | 64.0 | 60.8 | - | 69.0 | 75.0 | 69.8 | - | 80.1 |
| Ash, % | 32.0 | 25.1 | - | 38.9 | 20.0 | 15.7 | - | 24.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 8.0 | 6.3 | - | 9.7 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 12.0 | 10.4 | - | 13.9 | 15.0 | 13.0 | - | 17.3 | 17.0 | 13.7 | - | 19.0 | 16.0 | 13.9 | - | 18.5 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | --- | --- | - | --- | 24.0 | 21.8 | - | 26.7 | 32.6 | 29.0 | - | 37.2 | 44.0 | 39.9 | - | 49.0 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 45.7 | 44.0 | - | 47.4 | 55.0 | 51.5 | - | 58.5 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 9.0 | 8.2 | - | 10.0 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 12.0 | 10.9 | - | 13.4 | 21.0 | 19.0 | - | 23.4 | --- | --- | - | --- | 29.0 | 26.3 | - | 32.3 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.0 | 1.6 | - | 2.4 | 3.1 | 2.5 | - | 3.7 | 1.2 | --- | - | --- | 3.3 | 2.7 | - | 3.9 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.38 | 1.05 | - | 1.60 | 3.30 | 2.51 | - | 3.83 | 1.10 | 0.84 | - | 1.36 | 1.25 | 0.95 | - | 1.45 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.22 | 0.20 | - | 0.24 | 0.37 | 0.34 | - | 0.41 | 0.25 | 0.22 | - | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.25 | - | 0.31 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.59 | 0.46 | - | 0.72 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 5.70 | 4.69 | - | 7.15 | 1.80 | 1.48 | - | 2.26 | 3.08 | 2.30 | - | 3.86 | 1.60 | 1.32 | - | 2.01 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.16 | 0.12 | - | 0.20 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.57 | 0.48 | - | 0.74 | 0.22 | 0.19 | - | 0.28 | 0.37 | 0.26 | - | 0.48 | 0.29 | 0.25 | - | 0.37 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 25 | 2 | - | 48 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 109 | 76 | - | 142 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 20 | 9 | - | 31 | 44 | 21 | - | 68 | 28 | 21 | - | 36 | 32 | 15 | - | 49 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 129 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 52.0 | 48.2 | - | 55.3 | 53.0 | 49.1 | - | 56.4 | 66.0 | 60.8 | - | 70.0 | 58.0 | 53.7 | - | 61.7 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.52 | 0.46 | - | 0.57 | 0.53 | 0.47 | - | 0.58 | 0.69 | 0.61 | - | 0.74 | 0.58 | 0.51 | - | 0.64 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.15 | - | 0.21 | 0.42 | 0.34 | - | 0.47 | 0.26 | 0.21 | - | 0.30 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.51 | 0.47 | - | 0.55 | 0.53 | 0.49 | - | 0.57 | 0.68 | 0.62 | - | 0.73 | 0.58 | 0.53 | - | 0.62 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.85 | 0.79 | - | 0.90 | 0.87 | 0.80 | - | 0.93 | 1.09 | 1.00 | - | 1.15 | 0.95 | --- | - | --- |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.04 | 0.96 | - | 1.11 | 1.06 | 0.98 | - | 1.13 | 1.32 | 1.21 | - | 1.40 | 1.16 | 1.07 | - | 1.23 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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¶ Table 5b. Feedstuffs Composition—Silages: Alternative Forages |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Potato Vine Silage | Sunflower Silage | Weed Silage | |||||||||
| M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | M/X̄ | Typical Range | |||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 15.0 | 13.0 | - | 17.5 | 24.9 | 22.0 | - | 33.5 | 37.9 | 32.4 | - | 40.5 |
| Moisture, % | 85.0 | 79.1 | - | 90.8 | 75.2 | 66.5 | - | 78.1 | 62.1 | 59.5 | - | 67.6 |
| Ash, % | 19.0 | 14.9 | - | 23.1 | 11.9 | 9.3 | - | 14.5 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 15.0 | 13.0 | - | 17.3 | 11.3 | 10.9 | - | 13.2 | 12.9 | 10.7 | - | 15.3 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.4 | 0.9 | - | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.3 | - | 2.4 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | --- | --- | - | --- | 37.3 | 34.5 | - | 42.1 | 40.7 | 36.8 | - | 43.6 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | --- | --- | - | --- | 47.2 | 43.0 | - | 51.5 | 52.1 | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 7.9 | 6.4 | - | 9.3 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 26.0 | 23.6 | - | 29.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 3.7 | 3.0 | - | 4.4 | 8.7 | 7.0 | - | 10.3 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.8 | 1.8 | - | 3.8 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 2.10 | 1.60 | - | 2.44 | 1.67 | 1.29 | - | 1.87 | 1.05 | 0.78 | - | 1.18 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.29 | 0.26 | - | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.28 | - | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.26 | - | 0.31 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.58 | 0.45 | - | 0.62 | 0.70 | 0.54 | - | 0.80 |
| Potassium, % K | 4.00 | 3.29 | - | 5.02 | 3.34 | 3.05 | - | 3.97 | 3.09 | 2.50 | - | 4.09 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.37 | 0.31 | - | 0.48 | 0.25 | 0.24 | - | 0.29 | 0.17 | 0.15 | - | 0.24 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.18 | 0.90 | - | 1.46 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | 13 | 8 | - | 17 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | 840 | 239 | - | 1441 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | 40 | 26 | - | 53 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | 424 | 87 | - | 761 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | - | --- | 118 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 59.0 | 54.6 | - | 62.7 | 60.6 | 55.2 | - | 63.6 | 56.7 | 53.6 | - | 61.3 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.59 | 0.52 | - | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.52 | - | 0.65 | 0.55 | 0.50 | - | 0.62 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.28 | 0.23 | - | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.27 | - | 0.38 | 0.29 | 0.24 | - | 0.36 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.59 | 0.54 | - | 0.63 | 0.62 | 0.56 | - | 0.65 | 0.58 | 0.54 | - | 0.63 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.97 | --- | - | --- | 1.00 | 0.91 | - | 1.04 | 0.94 | 0.88 | - | 1.01 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.18 | 1.09 | - | 1.26 | 1.23 | 1.11 | - | 1.31 | 1.14 | 1.08 | - | 1.22 |
| 1"M/X̄" = median or mean (X̄, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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