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(Values derived primarily from survey of ServiTech feed analysis history, but data from other sources may also be included.1)
ΒΆ Table 1a. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Alfalfa & Forage Legumes |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Alfalfa Long Stem Hay | Alfalfa βPre-Groundβ | Alfalfa Ground | Alfalfa Meal | Alfalfa "Dehy" | Alfalfa Stems | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 87.2 | 85.0 | β | 89.1 | 93.4 | 92.6 | β | 94.0 | 84.8 | 82.6 | β | 86.7 | 93.0 | 92.1 | β | 93.8 | 92.1 | 90.5 | β | 92.2 | 89.0 | 86.8 | β | 90.9 |
| Moisture, % | 12.8 | 10.9 | β | 15.0 | 6.6 | 6.0 | β | 7.4 | 15.2 | 13.3 | β | 17.4 | 7.0 | 6.2 | β | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.8 | β | 9.6 | 11.0 | 13.3 | β | 9.1 |
| Ash, % | 11.9 | 10.5 | β | 14.0 | 12.0 | 9.7 | β | 14.3 | 11.8 | 10.7 | β | 13.8 | 10.0 | 8.1 | β | 12.0 | 10.3 | 7.4 | β | 13.2 | 6.0 | 4.9 | β | 7.2 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 20.1 | 17.8 | β | 22.3 | 21.6 | 21.2 | β | 22.0 | 19.2 | 17.5 | β | 20.8 | 18.5 | 17.0 | β | 19.9 | 18.8 | 17.7 | β | 20.4 | 11.0 | 10.0 | β | 12.0 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 2.1 | 1.6 | β | 2.6 | --- | --- | β | --- | 1.8 | 1.6 | β | 2.4 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 33.0 | 29.1 | β | 37.6 | 33.1 | 30.6 | β | 35.3 | 31.6 | 25.3 | β | 35.7 | 34.2 | 32.9 | β | 35.6 | 31.2 | 27.8 | β | 34.7 | 51.0 | 45.4 | β | 57.5 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 40.4 | 35.4 | β | 47.0 | 39.3 | 35.1 | β | 43.1 | 45.0 | 41.4 | β | 48.3 | 43.0 | 42.2 | β | 44.4 | 40.4 | 38.7 | β | 42.0 | 68.0 | 62.6 | β | 73.0 |
| Lignin, % | 8.3 | 6.3 | β | 9.8 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | β | --- | 30.9 | 28.7 | β | 33.2 | 33.4 | 30.8 | β | 35.2 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 44.0 | 40.9 | β | 47.3 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.3 | 1.1 | β | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.5 | β | 2.6 | 1.1 | 0.9 | β | 1.1 | 2.1 | 1.9 | β | 2.2 | 4.0 | 2.3 | β | 5.7 | 1.3 | 1.0 | β | 1.7 |
| Total starch, % | 1.3 | 1.0 | β | 3.2 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.9 | 0.8 | β | 1.1 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | 7.3 | 5.8 | β | 11.3 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.41 | 1.22 | β | 1.61 | 1.58 | 1.48 | β | 1.70 | 1.40 | 1.22 | β | 1.59 | 1.52 | 1.42 | β | 1.59 | 2.23 | 0.58 | β | 3.88 | 0.90 | 0.78 | β | 1.03 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.25 | 0.21 | β | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.29 | β | 0.32 | 0.23 | 0.20 | β | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.26 | β | 0.29 | 0.40 | 0.27 | β | 0.54 | 1.80 | 1.54 | β | 2.14 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.30 | 0.25 | β | 0.36 | 0.32 | 0.29 | β | 0.42 | 0.29 | 0.25 | β | 0.34 | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.32 | 0.26 | β | 0.38 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 2.48 | 2.11 | β | 2.86 | 2.00 | 1.94 | β | 2.07 | 2.27 | 1.93 | β | 2.73 | 2.46 | 2.41 | β | 2.59 | 2.32 | 1.62 | β | 3.02 | 2.50 | 2.13 | β | 2.88 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.09 | 0.05 | β | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.18 | β | 0.20 | 0.43 | 0.32 | β | 0.44 | 0.13 | 0.13 | β | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.04 | β | 0.06 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.26 | 0.21 | β | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.32 | β | 0.35 | 0.23 | 0.18 | β | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.29 | β | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.27 | β | 0.29 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.55 | 0.38 | β | 0.69 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.27 | 0.26 | β | 0.28 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 8 | 7 | β | 9 | 7 | 6 | β | 7 | 6 | 5 | β | 7 | --- | --- | β | --- | 11 | 8 | β | 15 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 286 | 157 | β | 545 | 295 | 217 | β | 346 | 449 | 299 | β | 511 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 41 | 32 | β | 53 | 34 | 33 | β | 36 | 39 | 38 | β | 46 | --- | --- | β | --- | 65 | 44 | β | 87 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 22 | 19 | β | 26 | 24 | 22 | β | 26 | 25 | 19 | β | 34 | 39 | 32 | β | 49 | 50 | 30 | β | 71 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.60 | 0.90 | β | 2.40 | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.90 | 0.80 | β | 1.98 | --- | --- | β | --- | 3.25 | 2.41 | β | 4.09 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.15 | 0.12 | β | 0.50 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 145 | 119 | β | 173 | 147 | 133 | β | 164 | 147 | 126 | β | 184 | 138 | 135 | β | 139 | 149 | 128 | β | 166 | 67 | 58 | β | 75 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 63.3 | 58.3 | β | 67.8 | 63.3 | 60.6 | β | 66.0 | 64.2 | 59.7 | β | 71.3 | 60.6 | 57.0 | β | 63.3 | 57.0 | 50.9 | β | 61.7 | 45.6 | 42.0 | β | 48.9 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.64 | 0.57 | β | 0.71 | 0.64 | 0.60 | β | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.59 | β | 0.76 | 0.60 | 0.55 | β | 0.64 | 0.55 | 0.5 | β | 0.6 | 0.84 | 0.75 | β | 0.93 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.38 | 0.31 | β | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.34 | β | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.33 | β | 0.48 | 0.34 | 0.29 | β | 0.38 | 0.30 | 0.21 | β | 0.36 | 0.04 | 0.04 | β | 0.05 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.65 | 0.59 | β | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.62 | β | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.61 | β | 0.74 | 0.62 | 0.58 | β | 0.65 | 0.58 | 0.51 | β | 0.63 | 0.43 | 0.39 | β | 0.46 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.04 | 0.96 | β | 1.11 | 1.04 | 1.00 | β | 1.08 | 1.05 | 0.98 | β | 1.17 | 1.00 | 0.94 | β | 1.04 | 0.94 | 0.84 | β | 1.01 | 0.75 | 0.69 | β | 0.80 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.27 | 1.16 | β | 1.36 | 1.27 | 1.21 | β | 1.32 | 1.30 | 1.21 | β | 1.43 | 1.21 | 1.14 | β | 1.27 | 1.14 | 1.02 | β | 1.24 | 0.91 | 0.83 | β | 0.98 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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ΒΆ Table 1b. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Alfalfa & Forage Legumes |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Alfalfa Leaf Meal | Alfalfa Pellets | Alfalfa cubes | Clover/Legume Hay3 | Soybean Hay | Peanut Hay | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 89.0 | 86.8 | β | 90.9 | 91.9 | 90.1 | β | 93.2 | 90.3 | 88.8 | β | 91.4 | 86.3 | 82.1 | β | 88.2 | 86.9 | 83.3 | β | 90.2 | 87.9 | 84.8 | β | 90.5 |
| Moisture, % | --- | 13.3 | β | 9.1 | 8.1 | 6.8 | β | 9.9 | 9.7 | 8.6 | β | 11.3 | 13.7 | 11.8 | β | 17.9 | 13.1 | 9.8 | β | 16.7 | 12.1 | 9.6 | β | 15.3 |
| Ash, % | 10.0 | 8.1 | β | 12.0 | 11.6 | 10.3 | β | 15.1 | 12.0 | 9.6 | β | 14.3 | 9.8 | 8.0 | β | 11.7 | 8.8 | 7.0 | β | 10.5 | 10.9 | 7.0 | β | 14.8 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 26.0 | 23.7 | β | 28.4 | 18.6 | 17.3 | β | 19.9 | 18.4 | 16.9 | β | 20.1 | 14.6 | 11.9 | β | 16.8 | 13.3 | 7.2 | β | 16.8 | 8.4 | 7.4 | β | 9.7 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 1.3 | 1.0 | β | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | β | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.1 | β | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.0 | β | 1.9 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 24.0 | 21.4 | β | 27.1 | 35.6 | 32.9 | β | 38.2 | 32.1 | 29.9 | β | 34.6 | 37.9 | 33.5 | β | 44.8 | 41.0 | 34.8 | β | 50.3 | 40.8 | 36.4 | β | 47.0 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 34.0 | 31.3 | β | 36.5 | 45.0 | 41.9 | β | 47.3 | 39.8 | 37.2 | β | 41.5 | 43.5 | 40.0 | β | 55.5 | 54.4 | 45.8 | β | 61.3 | 48.3 | 39.8 | β | 51.2 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 7.6 | 6.4 | β | 8.8 | 10.0 | 7.8 | β | 11.8 | 7.3 | 5.9 | β | 8.7 | 8.5 | 6.4 | β | 10.5 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 16.0 | 14.9 | β | 17.2 | 28.3 | 26.5 | β | 30.9 | 26.2 | 24.6 | β | 27.7 | 30.0 | 27.9 | β | 32.3 | 30.4 | 22.8 | β | 45.3 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 3.0 | 2.3 | β | 4.0 | 1.6 | 1.2 | β | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.3 | β | 3.1 | 1.1 | 0.8 | β | 1.4 | 5.4 | 2.9 | β | 7.8 | 2.0 | 1.1 | β | 2.9 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 1.4 | 0.9 | β | 1.8 | --- | --- | β | --- | 5.4 | 2.9 | β | 7.8 | 4.0 | 2.6 | β | 5.4 |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 2.88 | 2.49 | β | 3.29 | 1.45 | 1.28 | β | 1.58 | 1.58 | 1.26 | β | 1.73 | 1.12 | 0.97 | β | 1.34 | 1.21 | 1.08 | β | 1.43 | 1.35 | 1.08 | β | 1.62 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.34 | 0.29 | β | 0.41 | 0.26 | 0.23 | β | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.23 | β | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.19 | β | 0.27 | 0.17 | 0.14 | β | 0.21 | 0.09 | 0.08 | β | 0.11 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.31 | 0.26 | β | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.31 | β | 0.42 | 0.30 | 0.27 | β | 0.36 | 0.43 | 0.35 | β | 0.52 | 0.70 | 0.59 | β | 0.86 |
| Potassium, % K | 2.20 | 1.87 | β | 2.54 | 2.09 | 1.85 | β | 2.37 | 2.19 | 1.94 | β | 2.43 | 2.04 | 1.52 | β | 2.59 | 1.57 | 1.24 | β | 1.81 | 1.44 | 1.16 | β | 1.70 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.10 | 0.04 | β | 0.28 | 0.41 | 0.21 | β | 0.53 | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.01 | 0.00 | β | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.03 | β | 0.10 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.32 | 0.27 | β | 0.39 | 0.28 | 0.25 | β | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.27 | β | 0.40 | 0.19 | 0.14 | β | 0.22 | 0.15 | 0.13 | β | 0.18 | 0.13 | 0.11 | β | 0.16 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.59 | 0.41 | β | 0.59 | 0.70 | 0.46 | β | 0.94 | 0.32 | 0.22 | β | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.22 | β | 0.62 | 0.68 | 0.50 | β | 0.87 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | β | --- | 9 | 7 | β | 11 | 23 | 9 | β | 30 | 6 | 5 | β | 7 | 7 | 7 | β | 8 | 4 | 3 | β | 5 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | β | --- | 706 | 598 | β | 862 | 645 | 491 | β | 777 | 145 | 89 | β | 222 | 427 | 312 | β | 1001 | 665 | 261 | β | 1060 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | β | --- | 61 | 45 | β | 76 | 71 | 51 | β | 103 | 36 | 32 | β | 50 | 70 | 60 | β | 145 | 24 | 17 | β | 40 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 39 | 32 | β | 49 | 37 | 28 | β | 55 | 91 | 34 | β | 145 | 17 | 14 | β | 19 | 29 | 24 | β | 32 | 12 | 10 | β | 16 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.60 | --- | β | --- | 0.77 | 0.51 | β | 1.03 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | β | --- | 3.30 | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 1.40 | 0.80 | β | 2.60 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.81 | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.10 | --- | β | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 192 | 165 | β | 214 | 127 | 119 | β | 142 | 146 | 131 | β | 161 | 121 | 99 | β | 140 | 122 | 90 | β | 200 | 136 | 97 | β | 151 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 60.0 | 55.3 | β | 64.3 | 60.7 | 57.6 | β | 63.3 | 64.2 | 61.5 | β | 66.9 | 58.8 | 51.0 | β | 62.6 | 57.0 | 46.2 | β | 63.3 | 54.8 | 48.9 | β | 59.7 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.60 | 0.53 | β | 0.67 | 0.61 | 0.56 | β | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.62 | β | 0.70 | 0.58 | 0.46 | β | 0.64 | 0.55 | 0.38 | β | 0.64 | 0.52 | 0.42 | β | 0.59 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.30 | 0.25 | β | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.30 | β | 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.36 | β | 0.43 | 0.32 | 0.21 | β | 0.37 | 0.29 | 0.13 | β | 0.38 | 0.26 | 0.18 | β | 0.33 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.60 | 0.55 | β | 0.65 | 0.62 | 0.59 | β | 0.65 | 0.66 | 0.63 | β | 0.69 | 0.60 | 0.52 | β | 0.65 | 0.58 | 0.46 | β | 0.65 | 0.56 | 0.49 | β | 0.61 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.99 | 0.91 | β | 1.05 | 1.00 | 0.95 | β | 1.04 | 1.05 | 1.01 | β | 1.10 | 0.97 | 0.84 | β | 1.03 | 0.94 | 0.76 | β | 1.04 | 0.90 | 0.80 | β | 0.98 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.20 | 1.10 | β | 1.29 | 1.20 | 1.13 | β | 1.25 | 1.30 | 1.23 | β | 1.34 | 1.18 | 1.02 | β | 1.27 | 1.14 | 0.92 | β | 1.27 | 1.10 | 0.98 | β | 1.20 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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ΒΆ Table 1c. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Alfalfa & Forage Legumes |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Pea Hay | Cowpea Hay | Peavine Hay | Birdsfoot Trefoil Hay | Ladino Clover Hay | Red Clover Hay | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 86.5 | 83.1 | β | 88.6 | 78.6 | 76.6 | β | 80.3 | 89.0 | 86.8 | β | 90.9 | 89.0 | 86.8 | β | 90.9 | 90.0 | 87.7 | β | 92.0 | 88.0 | 85.8 | β | 89.9 |
| Moisture, % | 13.5 | 11.4 | β | 16.9 | 21.4 | 23.4 | β | 19.7 | 11.0 | 13.3 | β | 9.1 | 11.0 | 13.3 | β | 9.1 | 10.0 | 12.3 | β | 8.0 | 12.0 | 14.2 | β | 10.1 |
| Ash, % | 15.7 | 13.0 | β | 18.1 | --- | --- | β | --- | 7.0 | 5.7 | β | 8.4 | 8.0 | 6.5 | β | 9.6 | 9.0 | 7.3 | β | 10.8 | 8.0 | 6.5 | β | 9.6 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 13.7 | 11.2 | β | 17.8 | 14.6 | 13.3 | β | 16.0 | 11.0 | 10.0 | β | 12.0 | 16.0 | 14.6 | β | 17.5 | 21.0 | 19.1 | β | 23.0 | 15.0 | 13.7 | β | 16.4 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 36.6 | 32.0 | β | 41.9 | 40.2 | 35.8 | β | 45.4 | 50.0 | 44.5 | β | 56.4 | 38.0 | 33.8 | β | 42.9 | 32.0 | 28.5 | β | 36.1 | 39.0 | 34.7 | β | 44.0 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 43.6 | 37.7 | β | 51.6 | 40.3 | 37.1 | β | 43.3 | 62.0 | 57.0 | β | 66.6 | 50.0 | 46.0 | β | 53.7 | 36.0 | 33.1 | β | 38.7 | 51.0 | 46.9 | β | 54.8 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 7.0 | 5.5 | β | 8.3 | 10.0 | 7.8 | β | 11.8 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 32.0 | 29.7 | β | 34.4 | 31.0 | 28.8 | β | 33.3 | 22.0 | 20.4 | β | 23.7 | 30.0 | 27.9 | β | 32.3 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.1 | 0.8 | β | 1.4 | --- | --- | β | --- | 2.0 | 1.5 | β | 2.7 | 2.2 | 1.7 | β | 2.9 | 2.0 | 1.5 | β | 2.7 | 2.5 | 1.9 | β | 3.3 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.32 | 1.12 | β | 1.65 | --- | --- | β | --- | 1.25 | 1.08 | β | 1.43 | 1.73 | 1.50 | β | 1.98 | 1.35 | 1.17 | β | 1.54 | 1.50 | 1.30 | β | 1.71 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.21 | 0.15 | β | 0.25 | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.24 | 0.21 | β | 0.29 | 0.24 | 0.21 | β | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.27 | β | 0.38 | 0.25 | 0.21 | β | 0.30 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.35 | 0.29 | β | 0.42 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 2.10 | 1.81 | β | 2.40 | --- | --- | β | --- | 1.30 | 1.11 | β | 1.50 | 1.80 | 1.53 | β | 2.08 | 2.40 | 2.04 | β | 2.77 | 1.70 | 1.45 | β | 1.96 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.01 | 0.01 | β | 0.01 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.16 | 0.12 | β | 0.22 | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.20 | 0.17 | β | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.21 | β | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.17 | β | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.14 | β | 0.21 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.30 | 0.21 | β | 0.38 | --- | --- | β | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 8 | 6 | β | 9 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 528 | 146 | β | 957 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 88 | 53 | β | 151 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 31 | 26 | β | 35 | --- | --- | β | --- | 20 | 17 | β | 25 | 28 | 23 | β | 35 | 17 | 14 | β | 21 | 170 | 141 | β | 214 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 2.90 | 0.60 | β | 3.60 | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | β | --- | 143 | 122 | β | 159 | 75 | 64 | β | 84 | 110 | 95 | β | 123 | 165 | 142 | β | 184 | 107 | 91 | β | 119 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 61.5 | 55.2 | β | 66.9 | 56.1 | 51.7 | β | 60.1 | 46.4 | 42.8 | β | 49.7 | 56.2 | 51.7 | β | 60.1 | 61.0 | 56.2 | β | 65.3 | 55.3 | 51.0 | β | 59.3 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.62 | 0.52 | β | 0.70 | 0.54 | 0.48 | β | 0.60 | 0.84 | 0.75 | β | 0.93 | 0.84 | 0.75 | β | 0.93 | 0.84 | 0.75 | β | 0.93 | 0.84 | 0.75 | β | 0.93 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.36 | 0.27 | β | 0.43 | 0.28 | 0.23 | β | 0.32 | 0.06 | 0.05 | β | 0.07 | 0.24 | 0.19 | β | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.26 | β | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.18 | β | 0.26 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.63 | 0.56 | β | 0.69 | 0.57 | 0.52 | β | 0.61 | 0.44 | 0.40 | β | 0.47 | 0.56 | 0.51 | β | 0.60 | 0.62 | 0.57 | β | 0.67 | 0.55 | 0.50 | β | 0.59 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.01 | 0.91 | β | 1.10 | 0.92 | 0.85 | β | 0.98 | 0.76 | 0.70 | β | 0.81 | 0.92 | 0.85 | β | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.93 | β | 1.07 | 0.91 | 0.84 | β | 0.97 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.23 | 1.12 | β | 1.34 | 1.12 | 1.02 | β | 1.20 | 0.93 | 0.85 | β | 1.00 | 1.12 | 1.03 | β | 1.21 | 1.22 | 1.12 | β | 1.31 | 1.11 | 1.01 | β | 1.19 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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ΒΆ Table 1d. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Alfalfa & Forage Legumes |
||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Sanfoil Hay | Sweetclover Hay | Vetch Hay | |||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 89.0 | 86.8 | β | 90.9 | 81.0 | 79.0 | β | 90.9 | 81.0 | 79.0 | β | 88.8 |
| Moisture, % | 11.0 | 13.3 | β | 9.1 | 9.0 | 21.0 | β | 9.1 | 9.0 | 21.0 | β | 11.2 |
| Ash, % | 9.0 | 7.3 | β | 10.8 | 9.0 | 7.3 | β | 10.8 | 9.0 | 7.3 | β | 9.6 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 14.0 | 12.8 | β | 15.3 | 16.0 | 14.6 | β | 15.3 | 16.0 | 14.6 | β | 19.7 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 36.0 | 32.0 | β | 40.6 | 38.0 | 33.8 | β | 40.6 | 38.0 | 33.8 | β | 47.3 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 48.0 | 44.2 | β | 51.6 | 50.0 | 46.0 | β | 51.6 | 50.0 | 46.0 | β | 51.6 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | 9.5 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 25.0 | 23.2 | β | 26.9 | 30.0 | 27.9 | β | 26.9 | 30.0 | 27.9 | β | 32.3 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.6 | 2.0 | β | 3.5 | 2.4 | 1.8 | β | 3.5 | 2.4 | 1.8 | β | 2.4 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.37 | 1.19 | β | 1.56 | 1.27 | 1.10 | β | 1.56 | 1.27 | 1.10 | β | 1.43 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.31 | 0.27 | β | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.21 | β | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.21 | β | 0.41 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Potassium, % K | --- | --- | β | --- | 1.80 | 1.53 | β | --- | 1.80 | 1.53 | β | 2.77 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.46 | 0.39 | β | --- | 0.46 | 0.39 | β | 0.16 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | β | --- | 0.37 | 0.26 | β | --- | 0.37 | 0.26 | β | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- | --- | --- | β | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 118 | 101 | β | 132 | 110 | 95 | β | 132 | 110 | 95 | β | 173 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 57.8 | 53.2 | β | 61.9 | 56.2 | 51.7 | β | 61.9 | 56.2 | 51.7 | β | 71.1 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.84 | 0.7 | β | 0.9 | 0.84 | 0.75 | β | 0.9 | 0.84 | 0.75 | β | 0.66 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.27 | 0.22 | β | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.19 | β | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.19 | β | 0.29 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.58 | 0.53 | β | 0.62 | 0.56 | 0.51 | β | 0.62 | 0.56 | 0.51 | β | 0.59 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.95 | 0.88 | β | 1.01 | 0.92 | 0.85 | β | 1.01 | 0.92 | 0.85 | β | 0.95 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.16 | 1.06 | β | 1.24 | 1.12 | 1.03 | β | 1.24 | 1.12 | 1.03 | β | 1.17 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||
ΒΆ Table 2a. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Sorghum & Corn |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Sudangrass Hay | Sorghum-Sudan Hay | Sorghum Hay | Forage Sorghum Hay | Milo Hay3 | Corn Hay4 | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 83.9 | 77.6 | - | 87.5 | 85.0 | 79.2 | - | 88.8 | 83.6 | 76.0 | - | 87.7 | 84.1 | 78.0 | - | 88.2 | 80.5 | 65.2 | - | 86.6 | 85.7 | 78.2 | - | 90.0 |
| Moisture, % | 16.1 | 12.5 | - | 22.4 | 15.0 | 11.2 | - | 20.8 | 16.4 | 12.3 | - | 24.0 | 15.9 | 11.8 | - | 22.0 | 19.5 | 13.5 | - | 34.9 | 14.4 | 10.0 | - | 21.8 |
| Ash, % | 11.4 | 9.7 | - | 15.0 | 10.0 | 8.2 | - | 11.8 | 13.6 | 11.1 | - | 18.5 | 12.9 | 10.4 | - | 20.4 | 11.0 | 8.3 | - | 13.7 | 11.2 | 8.3 | - | 16.5 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 8.9 | 6.9 | - | 11.2 | 8.6 | 6.3 | - | 10.9 | 8.7 | 6.6 | - | 10.8 | 8.4 | 6.5 | - | 10.7 | 9.1 | 6.9 | - | 10.8 | 8.8 | 6.6 | - | 11.1 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.3 | 1.0 | - | 2.1 | 1.3 | 0.8 | - | 1.8 | 1.0 | 0.5 | - | 1.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | - | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.1 | - | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.0 | - | 1.4 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 40.9 | 36.6 | - | 45.8 | 39.1 | 34.7 | - | 43.5 | 38.7 | 34.6 | - | 43.4 | 38.5 | 34.0 | - | 43.4 | 38.0 | 33.4 | - | 44.0 | 39.9 | 33.4 | - | 46.7 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 64.4 | 59.8 | - | 69.1 | 60.4 | 55.2 | - | 64.7 | 61.1 | 57.1 | - | 64.6 | 62.5 | 57.8 | - | 66.3 | 61.5 | 56.4 | - | 67.6 | 61.9 | 51.6 | - | 70.9 |
| Lignin, % | 5.1 | 4.0 | - | 6.2 | 4.8 | 3.2 | - | 6.4 | 6.4 | --- | - | --- | 5.0 | 3.5 | - | 6.5 | 2.9 | 1.9 | - | 4.0 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 31.8 | 27.0 | - | 37.1 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 35.2 | 26.2 | - | 36.9 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.6 | 1.4 | - | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.1 | - | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | - | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.5 | - | 2.7 | 1.6 | 1.2 | - | 2.0 | 0.6 | 0.4 | - | 0.8 |
| Total starch, % | 1.6 | 0.9 | - | 2.3 | 2.8 | 1.5 | - | 4.1 | --- | --- | - | --- | 9.5 | 4.3 | - | 14.7 | 7.3 | 4.8 | - | 9.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 12.8 | 12.1 | - | 13.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.5 | 3.4 | - | 5.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.44 | 0.37 | - | 0.56 | 0.45 | 0.37 | - | 0.52 | 0.43 | 0.36 | - | 0.54 | 0.40 | 0.34 | - | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.37 | - | 0.50 | 0.43 | 0.35 | - | 0.54 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.19 | 0.15 | - | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.17 | - | 0.24 | 0.18 | 0.14 | - | 0.23 | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.11 | - | 0.21 | 0.17 | 0.09 | - | 0.22 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.28 | 0.23 | - | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.39 | 0.29 | 0.23 | - | 0.36 | 0.25 | 0.21 | - | 0.29 | 0.26 | 0.23 | - | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.21 | - | 0.32 |
| Potassium, % K | 2.26 | 1.85 | - | 2.82 | 2.48 | 2.07 | - | 2.94 | 2.17 | 1.65 | - | 2.73 | 2.11 | 1.72 | - | 2.57 | 1.66 | 1.27 | - | 2.05 | 1.56 | 1.16 | - | 2.03 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | - | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.12 | 0.10 | - | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.11 | - | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.10 | - | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.09 | - | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.09 | - | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.08 | - | 0.13 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 1.16 | 0.84 | - | 1.48 | 0.98 | 0.59 | - | 1.37 | 0.22 | 0.14 | - | 1.14 | 0.74 | 0.54 | - | 0.94 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 7 | 6 | - | 8 | 7 | 6 | - | 9 | 7 | 5 | - | 8 | 7 | 7 | - | 8 | 8 | 6 | - | 8 | 8 | 6 | - | 9 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 307 | 166 | - | 454 | 419 | 222 | - | 1015 | 474 | 225 | - | 938 | 197 | 135 | - | 754 | 616 | 316 | - | 1008 | 1250 | 667 | - | 2430 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 58 | 47 | - | 72 | 63 | 50 | - | 85 | 64 | 46 | - | 84 | 70 | 52 | - | 84 | 71 | 62 | - | 85 | 89 | 71 | - | 143 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 27 | 23 | - | 37 | 30 | 24 | - | 37 | 30 | 23 | - | 36 | 29 | 25 | - | 33 | 21 | 20 | - | 30 | 30 | 18 | - | 38 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.10 | 0.55 | - | 1.35 | 1.00 | 0.85 | - | 1.53 | 1.35 | 0.90 | - | 1.78 | 1.36 | 0.99 | - | 1.73 | 0.76 | 0.56 | - | 0.97 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.11 | 0.07 | - | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.02 | - | 0.08 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 82 | 72 | - | 93 | 90 | 79 | - | 103 | 89 5 | 78 | - | 101 | 92 | 81 | - | 104 | 89 | 74 | - | 100 | 87 5 | 77 | - | 98 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 57.0 | 51.6 | - | 61.5 | 58.8 | 54.3 | - | 63.3 | 59.7 | 54.3 | - | 63.8 | 59.7 | 54.3 | - | 64.2 | 60.3 | 53.4 | - | 65.1 | 57.9 | 50.7 | - | 65.1 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.55 | 0.47 | - | 0.62 | 0.58 | 0.51 | - | 0.64 | 0.59 | 0.51 | - | 0.65 | 0.59 | 0.51 | - | 0.66 | 0.60 | 0.49 | - | 0.67 | 0.56 | 0.45 | - | 0.67 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.29 | 0.22 | - | 0.36 | 0.32 | 0.25 | - | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.25 | - | 0.39 | 0.33 | 0.25 | - | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.24 | - | 0.40 | 0.31 | 0.20 | - | 0.40 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.58 | 0.52 | - | 0.63 | 0.60 | 0.55 | - | 0.65 | 0.61 | 0.55 | - | 0.66 | 0.61 | 0.55 | - | 0.66 | 0.62 | 0.54 | - | 0.67 | 0.59 | 0.51 | - | 0.67 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.94 | 0.85 | - | 1.01 | 0.97 | 0.89 | - | 1.04 | 0.98 | 0.89 | - | 1.05 | 0.98 | 0.89 | - | 1.05 | 0.99 | 0.88 | - | 1.07 | 0.95 | 0.83 | - | 1.07 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.14 | 1.03 | - | 1.23 | 1.18 | 1.07 | - | 1.27 | 1.18 | 1.07 | - | 1.27 | 1.20 | 1.09 | - | 1.29 | 1.20 | 1.07 | - | 1.30 | 1.14 | 1.00 | - | 1.30 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
ΒΆ Table 2b. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Sorghum & Corn |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | βCane" Hay | βHaygrazerβ Hay | βFeedβ Hay | βSumacβ Hay | βCanex" Hay | βRox Orangeβ Hay | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 83.4 | 78.3 | - | 86.7 | 85.2 | 78.0 | - | 88.9 | 84.6 | 78.8 | - | 88.1 | 82.7 | 76.6 | - | 86.9 | 83.3 | 74.9 | - | 87.7 | 79.4 | 63.8 | - | 86.2 |
| Moisture, % | 16.6 | 13.3 | - | 21.7 | 14.8 | 11.1 | - | 22.0 | 15.4 | 11.9 | - | 21.2 | 17.3 | 13.1 | - | 23.4 | 16.7 | 12.3 | - | 25.2 | 20.6 | 13.8 | - | 36.2 |
| Ash, % | 16.5 | 10.6 | - | 35.9 | 10.1 | 8.9 | - | 11.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | 9.7 | 7.8 | - | 12.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 8.2 | 6.4 | - | 10.2 | 8.8 | 6.6 | - | 11.6 | 8.4 | 6.6 | - | 10.6 | 7.6 | 5.9 | - | 9.4 | 8.8 | 6.9 | - | 10.5 | 7.7 | 4.3 | - | 9.0 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.1 | 0.8 | - | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.1 | - | 2.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 39.8 | 35.8 | - | 44.5 | 39.0 | 35.0 | - | 43.2 | 40.9 | 36.8 | - | 45.3 | 37.9 | 34.2 | - | 42.6 | 39.3 | 35.5 | - | 41.5 | 44.0 | 33.8 | - | 50.2 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 63.2 | 59.3 | - | 67.7 | 61.7 | 56.8 | - | 65.6 | 62.7 | 59.0 | - | 66.2 | 60.4 | 58.2 | - | 64.7 | 61.2 | 58.5 | - | 63.1 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | 4.2 | 2.8 | - | 5.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | 33.1 | 29.8 | - | 36.6 | 33.4 | 32.1 | - | 38.4 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.3 | 1.1 | - | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.9 | - | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | - | 1.5 | 1.4 | 7.8 | - | 12.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | 18.1 | 15.3 | - | 20.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.41 | 0.35 | - | 0.50 | 0.44 | 0.36 | - | 0.54 | 0.43 | 0.34 | - | 0.54 | 0.36 | 0.30 | - | 0.42 | 0.32 | 0.26 | - | 0.46 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.14 | - | 0.24 | 0.18 | 0.14 | - | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.09 | - | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.13 | - | 0.17 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.23 | 0.20 | - | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.20 | - | 0.35 | 0.23 | 0.17 | - | 0.31 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 2.29 | 1.89 | - | 2.85 | 2.02 | 1.57 | - | 2.64 | 2.23 | 1.91 | - | 2.66 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.01 | 0.00 | - | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | - | 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.10 | - | 0.39 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.10 | 0.08 | - | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.09 | - | 0.15 | 0.27 | 0.20 | - | 0.30 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.63 | 0.40 | - | 0.80 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 6 | 5 | - | 9 | 6 | 5 | - | 8 | 10 | 8 | - | 11 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 526 | 417 | - | 639 | 399 | 238 | - | 704 | 1840 | 988 | - | 3412 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 52 | 46 | - | 66 | 50 | 37 | - | 63 | 100 | 79 | - | 126 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 24 | 19 | - | 29 | 26 | 18 | - | 36 | 37 | 29 | - | 45 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 0.71 | 0.52 | - | 0.90 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.11 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 86 | 76 | - | 97 | 88 5 | 77 | - | 99 | 85 5 | 75 | - | 96 | 92 5 | 81 | - | 104 | 89 5 | 78 | - | 101 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 57.9 | 52.5 | - | 62.4 | 58.8 | 54.3 | - | 63.3 | 57.0 | 51.6 | - | 61.5 | 60.6 | 55.2 | - | 64.2 | 58.8 | 56.1 | - | 62.9 | 53.4 | 46.7 | - | 64.7 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.56 | 0.48 | - | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.51 | - | 0.64 | 0.55 | 0.47 | - | 0.62 | 0.60 | 0.52 | - | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.54 | - | 0.64 | 0.49 | 0.39 | - | 0.67 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.31 | 0.23 | - | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.25 | - | 0.38 | 0.29 | 0.22 | - | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.27 | - | 0.39 | 0.32 | 0.28 | - | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.15 | - | 0.40 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.59 | 0.53 | - | 0.64 | 0.60 | 0.55 | - | 0.65 | 0.58 | 0.52 | - | 0.63 | 0.62 | 0.56 | - | 0.66 | 0.60 | 0.57 | - | 0.65 | 0.54 | 0.47 | - | 0.67 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.95 | 0.86 | - | 1.02 | 0.97 | 0.89 | - | 1.04 | 0.94 | 0.85 | - | 1.01 | 1.00 | 0.91 | - | 1.05 | 0.97 | 0.92 | - | 1.03 | 0.88 | 0.77 | - | 1.06 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.16 | 1.05 | - | 1.25 | 1.18 | 1.09 | - | 1.27 | 1.14 | 1.03 | - | 1.23 | 1.21 | 1.11 | - | 1.29 | 1.18 | 1.12 | - | 1.26 | 1.07 | 0.94 | - | 1.30 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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ΒΆ Table 2c. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Sorghum & Corn |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Johnsongrass Hay | Shattercane Hay | ||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 89.0 | 80.7 | - | 92.9 | 55.1 | 41.8 | - | 64.8 |
| Moisture, % | 11.0 | 7.1 | - | 19.3 | 44.9 | 35.3 | - | 58.3 |
| Ash, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 7.4 | 5.8 | - | 9.7 | 5.9 | 4.5 | - | 7.4 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 42.7 | 38.8 | - | 47.7 | 40.0 | 35.8 | - | 44.8 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 62.3 | 56.3 | - | 68.3 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Crude Fat, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.59 | 0.37 | - | 0.81 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.18 | 0.12 | - | 0.24 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.15 | 0.11 | - | 0.19 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 1.30 | 1.27 | - | 1.33 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.08 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 4 | 3 | - | 4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 48 | 40 | - | 56 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 35 | 31 | - | 39 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 77 | 68 | - | 83 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 54.3 | 48.9 | - | 58.8 | 57.9 | 57.0 | - | 58.9 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.51 | 0.42 | - | 0.58 | 0.56 | 0.55 | - | 0.57 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.25 | 0.18 | - | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.29 | - | 0.32 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.55 | 0.49 | - | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.58 | - | 0.60 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.89 | 0.80 | - | 0.97 | 0.96 | --- | - | --- |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.09 | 0.98 | - | 1.18 | 1.16 | 1.14 | - | 1.18 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||
ΒΆ Table 3a. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Small Grains |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Barley Hay | Millet Hay | Oat Hay | Rye Hay | Triticale Hay | Wheat Hay | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 86.6 | 83.9 | - | 88.7 | 86.3 | 83.0 | - | 88.8 | 87.3 | 84.5 | - | 89.5 | 85.8 | 80.8 | - | 89.0 | 88.7 | 85.1 | - | 91.2 | 88.0 | 84.8 | - | 90.2 |
| Moisture, % | 13.4 | 11.3 | - | 16.1 | 13.7 | 11.2 | - | 17.0 | 12.7 | 10.5 | - | 15.5 | 14.2 | 11.0 | - | 19.2 | 11.3 | 8.8 | - | 14.9 | 12.0 | 9.8 | - | 15.2 |
| Ash, % | 10.4 | 9.2 | - | 12.1 | 13.8 | 10.0 | - | 15.0 | 11.1 | 9.6 | - | 12.8 | 10.2 | 8.1 | - | 11.8 | 10.1 | 8.5 | - | 12.1 | 10.6 | 8.9 | - | 12.5 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 11.1 | 9.3 | - | 13.0 | 9.6 | 7.6 | - | 12.0 | 10.9 | 9.1 | - | 12.9 | 10.8 | 8.6 | - | 13.3 | 11.2 | 9.0 | - | 14.3 | 10.8 | 8.8 | - | 13.0 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 0.7 | 0.4 | - | 0.9 | 1.2 | 0.9 | - | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 | - | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.0 | - | 1.9 | 1.4 | 0.8 | - | 1.8 | 1.1 | 1.0 | - | 1.6 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 32.3 | 29.6 | - | 35.3 | 36.9 | 33.6 | - | 40.7 | 36.6 | 33.3 | - | 40.3 | 41.1 | 36.6 | - | 44.6 | 37.6 | 34.0 | - | 41.9 | 36.1 | 32.6 | - | 39.8 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 55.5 | 52.0 | - | 59.2 | 60.7 | 57.4 | - | 64.0 | 59.3 | 55.1 | - | 63.2 | 66.5 | 60.2 | - | 70.1 | 58.8 | 54.7 | - | 63.9 | 58.5 | 54.4 | - | 63.1 |
| Lignin, % | 4.3 | 2.8 | - | 5.9 | 6.5 | 4.5 | - | 8.5 | 4.7 | 3.2 | - | 6.2 | 4.3 | 2.7 | - | 5.9 | 4.7 | 3.4 | - | 6.0 | 4.8 | 3.3 | - | 6.4 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 26.9 | 23.4 | - | 35.0 | 35.4 | 31.8 | - | 36.3 | 35.2 | 31.1 | - | 37.0 | 39.9 | 35.9 | - | 42.1 | 33.9 | 28.7 | - | 37.7 | 31.1 | 27.2 | - | 34.6 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.9 | 1.6 | - | 2.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | - | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.9 | - | 2.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | - | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.2 | - | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.2 | - | 1.6 |
| Total starch, % | 5.7 | 2.9 | - | 8.4 | 2.9 | 1.9 | - | 3.9 | 4.0 | 2.7 | - | 5.3 | 2.3 | 1.5 | - | 3.0 | 5.1 | 1.9 | - | 8.3 | 8.8 | 5.0 | - | 11.1 |
| Total sugars as invert, % | - | --- | - | --- | 51.6 | 46.1 | - | 57.1 | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | 20.3 | 18.8 | - | 21.8 |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.39 | 0.30 | - | 0.51 | 0.41 | 0.32 | - | 0.52 | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.44 | 0.34 | 0.26 | - | 0.44 | 0.29 | 0.21 | - | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.19 | - | 0.33 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.24 | 0.20 | - | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.15 | - | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.20 | - | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.20 | - | 0.32 | 0.24 | 0.19 | - | 0.28 | 0.21 | 0.16 | - | 0.25 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.20 | 0.17 | - | 0.24 | 0.31 | 0.25 | - | 0.40 | 0.19 | 0.15 | - | 0.24 | 0.13 | 0.11 | - | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.11 | - | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.20 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.86 | 1.55 | - | 2.24 | 2.53 | 2.05 | - | 3.06 | 2.32 | 1.98 | - | 2.67 | 1.95 | 1.67 | - | 2.27 | 1.98 | 1.60 | - | 2.46 | 1.60 | 1.24 | - | 2.03 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.23 | 0.11 | - | 0.36 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.07 | - | 0.28 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.17 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.18 | 0.14 | - | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.11 | - | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.12 | - | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.12 | - | 0.19 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.88 | 0.62 | - | 1.15 | 0.90 | 0.61 | - | 1.19 | 0.92 | 0.69 | - | 1.16 | 0.40 | 0.30 | - | 0.50 | 0.45 | 0.34 | - | 0.57 | 0.69 | 0.51 | - | 0.87 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 6 | 5 | - | 7 | 6 | 5 | - | 8 | 4 | 4 | - | 6 | 6 | 4 | - | 7 | 5 | 4 | - | 6 | 5 | 4 | - | 6 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 156 | 90 | - | 315 | 345 | 146 | - | 768 | 194 | 102 | - | 411 | 251 | 122 | - | 530 | 161 | 98 | - | 292 | 128 | 69 | - | 299 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 32 | 25 | - | 40 | 52 | 38 | - | 73 | 69 | 50 | - | 93 | 68 | 36 | - | 79 | 40 | 30 | - | 52 | 50 | 39 | - | 67 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 21 | 17 | - | 27 | 27 | 22 | - | 38 | 19 | 16 | - | 23 | 23 | 18 | - | 29 | 23 | 17 | - | 31 | 17 | 14 | - | 23 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | 1.67 | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | 0.88 | 0.61 | - | 1.16 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.40 | 0.31 | - | 0.49 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.20 | 0.70 | - | 1.90 | 0.90 | 0.50 | - | 1.48 | 0.60 | 0.20 | - | 1.40 | 1.50 | 1.10 | - | 2.00 | 1.10 | 0.50 | - | 1.65 | 1.00 | 0.55 | - | 1.60 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.18 | 0.06 | - | 0.30 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.07 | 0.03 | - | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.06 | - | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.02 | - | 0.08 | 0.22 | 0.14 | - | 0.30 |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 105 | 95 | - | 115 | 91 | 82 | - | 101 | 96 | 86 | - | 106 | 81 | 74 | - | 97 | 97 | 85 | - | 108 | 95 | 85 | - | 107 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 66.0 | 62.4 | - | 68.9 | 60.8 | 57.0 | - | 64.8 | 61.5 | 57.9 | - | 65.1 | 56.4 | 52.5 | - | 61.5 | 60.6 | 55.2 | - | 64.2 | 61.5 | 57.9 | - | 66.0 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.68 | 0.63 | - | 0.73 | 0.61 | 0.55 | - | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.56 | - | 0.67 | 0.54 | 0.48 | - | 0.62 | 0.60 | 0.52 | - | 0.66 | 0.62 | 0.56 | - | 0.68 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.42 | 0.37 | - | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.29 | - | 0.40 | 0.36 | 0.31 | - | 0.40 | 0.29 | 0.23 | - | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.27 | - | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.31 | - | 0.42 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.68 | 0.65 | - | 0.72 | 0.63 | 0.58 | - | 0.67 | 0.63 | 0.59 | - | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.53 | - | 0.63 | 0.62 | 0.57 | - | 0.66 | 0.64 | 0.59 | - | 0.68 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.08 | 1.02 | - | 1.13 | 1.00 | 0.94 | - | 1.06 | 1.01 | 0.95 | - | 1.07 | 0.93 | 0.86 | - | 1.01 | 1.00 | 0.91 | - | 1.05 | 1.01 | 0.95 | - | 1.08 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.32 | 1.25 | - | 1.38 | 1.21 | 1.12 | - | 1.29 | 1.21 | 1.14 | - | 1.29 | 1.12 | 1.05 | - | 1.23 | 1.21 | 1.11 | - | 1.29 | 1.23 | 1.14 | - | 1.30 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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ΒΆ Table 3b. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Small Grains |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Small Grain" Hay | Ryegrass Hay4 | Foxtail Millet Hay | Pearl Millet Hay | Cheatgrass Hay | |||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 90.5 | 89.8 | - | 91.4 | 90.9 | 87.6 | - | 92.2 | 85.2 | 80.9 | - | 86.9 | 85.8 | 77.8 | - | 89.5 | 86.9 | 84.9 | - | 88.8 |
| Moisture, % | 9.5 | 8.6 | - | 10.2 | 9.1 | 7.8 | - | 12.4 | 14.9 | 13.1 | - | 19.1 | 14.3 | 10.5 | - | 22.2 | 13.1 | 11.2 | - | 15.2 |
| Ash, % | 11.5 | 9.6 | - | 13.3 | 9.6 | 7.2 | - | 12.0 | - | - | - | - | 12.2 | 9.8 | - | 16.5 | ||||
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 10.1 | 8.3 | - | 12.9 | 11.3 | 10.2 | - | 12.7 | 9.6 | 7.8 | - | 11.1 | 8.7 | 6.9 | - | 11.0 | 8.6 | 7.4 | - | 10.8 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.0 | 0.6 | - | 1.4 | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 43.6 | 39.2 | - | 50.3 | 37.9 | 33.6 | - | 43.7 | 42.0 | 38.8 | - | 45.8 | 42.7 | 38.4 | - | 46.0 | 39.6 | 38.8 | - | 43.4 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 39.6 | 36.8 | - | 42.2 | 54.8 | 50.2 | - | 60.5 | 62.5 | 59.5 | - | 65.5 | 66.7 | 63.9 | - | 68.5 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.3 | 2.7 | - | 5.9 | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | 23.8 | 22.4 | - | 25.3 | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.0 | 1.6 | - | 2.3 | 3.4 | 2.0 | - | 4.7 | 1.7 | 1.1 | - | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1.1 | - | 2.3 | 2.8 | 2.2 | - | 3.5 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.3 | 1.5 | - | 3.0 | --- | - | --- | --- | 2.9 | 1.9 | - | 3.9 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | 51.6 | 46.1 | - | 57.1 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.57 | 0.55 | - | 0.71 | 0.59 | 0.45 | - | 0.65 | 0.62 | 0.39 | - | 0.85 | 0.46 | 0.36 | - | 0.51 | 0.43 | 0.40 | - | 0.72 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.34 | 0.26 | - | 0.40 | 0.28 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.16 | 0.15 | - | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.17 | - | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.21 | - | 0.23 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.22 | 0.18 | - | 0.28 | 0.22 | 0.19 | - | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.28 | - | 0.39 | 0.30 | 0.25 | - | 0.49 | 0.15 | 0.12 | - | 0.18 |
| Potassium, % K | 3.18 | 2.65 | - | 3.83 | 2.08 | 1.41 | - | 2.99 | 2.59 | 1.83 | - | 3.34 | 2.64 | 2.52 | - | 2.72 | 1.72 | 1.38 | - | 2.15 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.46 | 0.25 | - | 0.68 | - | --- | - | --- | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.30 | 0.24 | - | 0.36 | 0.26 | 0.20 | - | 0.28 | - | --- | - | --- | 0.19 | 0.15 | - | 0.23 | 0.12 | 0.10 | - | 0.15 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.24 | 0.93 | - | 1.56 | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 7 | 6 | - | 8 | 8 | 7 | - | 10 | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 189 | 109 | - | 398 | 207 | 142 | - | 657 | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 95 | 69 | - | 123 | 99 | 65 | - | 170 | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 36 | 29 | - | 46 | 31 | 22 | - | 43 | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | - | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.53 | 0.99 | - | 2.07 | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.08 | 0.06 | - | 0.11 | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | - 5 | --- | - | --- | 103 | 90 | - | 113 | 85 | 84 | - | 85 | 79 | 74 | - | 88 | - | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 53.9 | 46.4 | - | 58.8 | 65.9 | 59.7 | - | 68.7 | 55.2 | 51.2 | - | 59.3 | 55.2 | 51.6 | - | 60.8 | 58.0 | 54.7 | - | 62.2 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.50 | 0.38 | - | 0.58 | 0.68 | 0.59 | - | 0.72 | 0.52 | 0.46 | - | 0.59 | 0.52 | 0.47 | - | 0.61 | 0.57 | 0.52 | - | 0.63 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.25 | 0.14 | - | 0.32 | 0.42 | 0.33 | - | 0.45 | 0.27 | 0.21 | - | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.22 | - | 0.35 | 0.31 | 0.26 | - | 0.37 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.55 | 0.46 | - | 0.60 | 0.62 | 0.54 | - | 0.67 | 0.56 | 0.52 | - | 0.60 | 0.56 | 0.61 | - | 0.51 | 0.59 | 0.56 | - | 0.64 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.89 | 0.76 | - | 0.97 | 1.08 | 0.98 | - | 1.13 | 0.91 | 0.84 | - | 0.98 | 0.91 | 0.85 | - | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.90 | - | 1.02 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.08 | 0.93 | - | 1.18 | 1.27 | 1.16 | - | 1.36 | 1.11 | 1.03 | - | 1.19 | 1.11 | 1.03 | - | 1.21 | 1.17 | 1.09 | - | 1.28 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||||||
ΒΆ Table 4a. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Grasses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Bahiagrass Hay | Bermudagrass Hay | Bluegrass Hay | Bluestem Hay | Bromegrass Hay | Canarygrass Hay | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 90.5 | 78.1 | - | 90.9 | 90.6 | 88.0 | - | 92.4 | 90.1 | 89.1 | - | 91.4 | 89.6 | 86.7 | - | 91.7 | 88.1 | 86.2 | - | 89.6 | 91.0 | 88.2 | - | 92.9 |
| Moisture, % | 9.5 | 9.1 | - | 21.9 | 9.4 | 7.6 | - | 12.0 | 9.9 | 8.6 | - | 10.9 | 10.4 | 8.3 | - | 13.3 | 11.9 | 10.4 | - | 13.8 | 9.0 | 7.3 | - | 11.2 |
| Ash, % | 7.0 | 6.0 | - | 8.1 | 10.1 | 9.4 | - | 11.1 | 7.6 | 6.5 | - | 9.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | 8.3 | 7.6 | - | 9.5 | 8.0 | 6.8 | - | 9.3 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 7.5 | 7.0 | - | 7.8 | 10.8 | 8.6 | - | 13.4 | 7.1 | 5.1 | - | 8.7 | 5.9 | 4.2 | - | 7.4 | 8.5 | 7.2 | - | 10.3 | 9.0 | 7.1 | - | 11.0 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.0 | 0.8 | - | 1.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.3 | 1.0 | - | 1.7 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 41.8 | 37.4 | - | 42.3 | 37.0 | 34.5 | - | 39.9 | 40.4 | 37.9 | - | 42.9 | 45.4 | 41.2 | - | 48.9 | 39.6 | 36.8 | - | 42.4 | 34.0 | 31.0 | - | 36.8 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 72.0 | 67.6 | - | 76.4 | 66.9 | 63.3 | - | 69.9 | 68.8 | 64.6 | - | 73.1 | 69.1 | 66.2 | - | 73.8 | 65.7 | 62.1 | - | 68.8 | 67.0 | 62.9 | - | 71.1 |
| Lignin, % | 8.0 | 6.3 | - | 9.7 | 5.4 | 4.1 | - | 6.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 8.0 | 6.3 | - | 9.7 | 4.0 | 3.2 | - | 4.8 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 32.0 | 30.8 | - | 33.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | 33.7 | 31.1 | - | 35.5 | 38.0 | 36.9 | - | 39.1 | 37.9 | 37.0 | - | 40.5 | 32.0 | 30.8 | - | 33.9 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.8 | 1.4 | - | 2.3 | 1.3 | 1.1 | - | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.0 | - | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.1 | - | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | - | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.1 | - | 3.5 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.8 | 3.3 | - | 6.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.6 | 2.3 | - | 3.0 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.8 | 3.4 | - | 4.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 9.1 | 8.9 | - | 12.2 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.47 | 0.38 | - | 0.62 | 0.47 | 0.40 | - | 0.55 | 0.25 | 0.18 | - | 0.33 | 0.40 | 0.30 | - | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.39 | - | 0.57 | 0.38 | 0.30 | - | 0.50 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.20 | 0.16 | - | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.16 | - | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.13 | - | 0.23 | 0.10 | 0.06 | - | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.13 | - | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.20 | - | 0.31 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.22 | 0.17 | - | 0.28 | 0.11 | 0.08 | - | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.08 | - | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.12 | - | 0.17 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Potassium, % K | 1.40 | 1.09 | - | 1.73 | 1.75 | 1.40 | - | 2.12 | 1.98 | 1.64 | - | 2.30 | 1.03 | 0.13 | - | 1.37 | 1.64 | 1.30 | - | 1.98 | 2.70 | 2.10 | - | 3.33 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.03 | 0.02 | - | 0.10 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.06 | 0.04 | - | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.00 | - | 0.01 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.21 | 0.16 | - | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.23 | - | 0.37 | 0.14 | 0.10 | - | 0.16 | 0.87 | 0.44 | - | 1.76 | 0.12 | 0.10 | - | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.11 | - | 0.18 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.74 | 0.50 | - | 0.98 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.19 | 0.12 | - | 0.26 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | 6 | 5 | - | 8 | 4 | 3 | - | 6 | 10 | 3 | - | 16 | 4 | 3 | - | 5 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | 115 | 84 | - | 174 | 87 | 70 | - | 119 | --- | --- | - | --- | 113 | 82 | - | 164 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | 98 | 70 | - | 159 | 61 | 49 | - | 77 | 118 | 48 | - | 188 | 61 | 45 | - | 79 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | 27 | 23 | - | 32 | 13 | 11 | - | 18 | 21 | 13 | - | 28 | 16 | 14 | - | 19 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.60 | 0.37 | - | 0.83 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.35 | 0.10 | - | 0.80 | 0.02 | --- | - | --- | 2.20 | 0.93 | - | 2.70 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.27 | 0.22 | - | 0.32 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 73 | 66 | - | 80 | 86 | 80 | - | 93 | 80 | 74 | - | 85 | 75 | 65 | - | 81 | 83 | 77 | - | 89 | 87 | 78 | - | 94 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 56.1 | 55.2 | - | 60.6 | 61.5 | 57.9 | - | 64.2 | 57.0 | 54.3 | - | 60.2 | 51.6 | 48.0 | - | 56.1 | 57.9 | 55.2 | - | 61.5 | 53.0 | 49.6 | - | 56.4 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.54 | 0.52 | - | 0.60 | 0.62 | 0.56 | - | 0.66 | 0.55 | 0.51 | - | 0.60 | 0.47 | 0.41 | - | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.52 | - | 0.62 | 0.53 | 0.47 | - | 0.58 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.28 | 0.27 | - | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.31 | - | 0.39 | 0.29 | 0.25 | - | 0.34 | 0.22 | 0.16 | - | 0.28 | 0.31 | 0.27 | - | 0.36 | 0.18 | 0.15 | - | 0.21 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.57 | 0.56 | - | 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.59 | - | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.55 | - | 0.62 | 0.52 | 0.48 | - | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.56 | - | 0.63 | 0.53 | 0.49 | - | 0.57 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.92 | 0.91 | - | 1.00 | 1.01 | 0.95 | - | 1.05 | 0.94 | 0.89 | - | 0.99 | 0.85 | 0.79 | - | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.91 | - | 1.01 | 0.87 | 0.81 | - | 0.92 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.12 | 1.11 | - | 1.21 | 1.23 | 1.16 | - | 1.29 | 1.11 | 1.09 | - | 1.16 | 1.03 | 0.96 | - | 1.12 | 1.16 | 1.11 | - | 1.23 | 1.06 | 0.99 | - | 1.14 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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ΒΆ Table 4b. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Grasses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Fescue Hay | Orchardgrass Hay | Ryegrass Hay3 | Switchgrass Hay | Teff Hay | Timothy Hay | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 87.9 | 84.3 | - | 90.8 | 89.6 | 87.2 | - | 91.1 | 89.6 | 87.2 | - | 91.1 | 94.1 | 93.2 | - | 95.3 | 87.4 | 84.9 | - | 90.1 | 88.0 | 84.8 | - | 90.4 |
| Moisture, % | 12.2 | 9.2 | - | 15.7 | 10.4 | 8.9 | - | 12.8 | 10.4 | 8.9 | - | 12.8 | 5.9 | 4.7 | - | 6.8 | 12.6 | 9.9 | - | 15.1 | 12.0 | 9.6 | - | 15.2 |
| Ash, % | 8.4 | 7.7 | - | 9.1 | 9.7 | 8.5 | - | 11.6 | 9.7 | 8.5 | - | 11.6 | 3.4 | 2.9 | - | 4.0 | 10.7 | 9.1 | - | 11.7 | 8.5 | 7.0 | - | 10.1 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 9.2 | 7.8 | - | 11.2 | 12.9 | 10.2 | - | 15.5 | 12.9 | 10.2 | - | 15.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | 11.7 | 8.7 | - | 14.9 | 9.1 | 6.5 | - | 11.6 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.5 | 1.2 | - | 2.0 | 1.3 | --- | - | --- | 1.3 | 1.0 | - | 1.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 41.2 | 37.6 | - | 44.2 | 34.7 | 32.1 | - | 37.3 | 34.7 | 32.1 | - | 37.3 | 43.1 | 39.0 | - | 49.0 | 37.0 | 33.5 | - | 41.2 | 39.4 | 36.5 | - | 43.0 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 67.3 | 61.6 | - | 70.3 | 57.7 | 56.4 | - | 59.6 | 57.7 | 56.4 | - | 59.6 | 81.1 | 71.7 | - | 90.5 | 63.3 | 60.6 | - | 68.6 | 65.1 | 61.0 | - | 68.6 |
| Lignin, % | 3.1 | 2.5 | - | 3.7 | 6.0 | --- | - | --- | 6.0 | 4.8 | - | 7.3 | 6.6 | 5.2 | - | 8.0 | --- | --- | - | --- | 6.0 | 4.7 | - | 7.3 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | 35.5 | 34.5 | - | 37.2 | 35.5 | 34.5 | - | 37.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 35.4 | 29.4 | - | 39.3 | 26.8 | 26.5 | - | 27.0 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.1 | 1.3 | - | 2.9 | 2.3 | 1.7 | - | 2.9 | 2.3 | 1.7 | - | 2.9 | 1.2 | 0.9 | - | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.1 | - | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.3 | - | 2.6 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.6 | 1.1 | - | 2.1 | 1.3 | 1.2 | - | 1.8 |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 8.7 | 8.5 | - | 9.1 | 8.7 | 8.5 | - | 9.1 | --- | --- | - | --- | 4.8 | 2.6 | - | 6.9 | 8.9 | 8.3 | - | 10.2 |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.44 | 0.37 | - | 0.58 | 0.45 | 0.36 | - | 0.64 | 0.45 | 0.36 | - | 0.64 | 0.26 | 0.13 | - | 0.38 | 0.47 | 0.37 | - | 0.59 | 0.39 | 0.32 | - | 0.52 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.23 | 0.19 | - | 0.28 | 0.23 | 0.20 | - | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.20 | - | 0.27 | 0.10 | 0.08 | - | 0.13 | 0.25 | 0.20 | - | 0.31 | 0.18 | 0.13 | - | 0.22 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.18 | 0.11 | - | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.19 | - | 0.33 | 0.26 | 0.19 | - | 0.33 | 0.29 | 0.21 | - | 0.95 | 0.23 | 0.20 | - | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.11 | - | 0.19 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.78 | 1.54 | - | 2.12 | 2.50 | 2.14 | - | 2.87 | 2.50 | 2.14 | - | 2.87 | 0.98 | 0.49 | - | 1.60 | 1.98 | 1.65 | - | 2.28 | 1.53 | 1.18 | - | 1.88 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.10 | 0.03 | - | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.03 | - | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.03 | - | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.04 | - | 0.10 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.04 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.15 | - | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.15 | - | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.06 | - | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.19 | - | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.09 | - | 0.15 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 1.45 | 0.95 | - | 1.95 | 0.41 | --- | - | --- | 0.41 | 0.27 | - | 0.55 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.51 | 0.33 | - | 0.69 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 5 | 3 | - | 7 | 6 | 5 | - | 7 | 6 | 5 | - | 7 | 4 | 3 | - | 5 | 9 | 7 | - | 10 | 6 | 5 | - | 8 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | 120 | 82 | - | 177 | 120 | 82 | - | 177 | 67 | 56 | - | 72 | 184 | 142 | - | 223 | 83 | 62 | - | 127 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | 127 | 100 | - | 167 | 127 | 100 | - | 167 | 86 | 64 | - | 105 | 66 | 50 | - | 95 | 54 | 34 | - | 69 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 17 | 10 | - | 25 | 19 | 15 | - | 24 | 19 | 15 | - | 24 | 10 | 8 | - | 14 | 30 | 23 | - | 34 | 21 | 18 | - | 29 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.30 | 0.70 | - | 2.30 | 0.60 | 0.43 | - | 0.88 | 1.53 | 0.99 | - | 2.07 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.45 | 0.30 | - | 0.68 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.08 | 0.06 | - | 0.11 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 80 | 72 | - | 85 | 101 | 94 | - | 109 | 103 | 90 | - | 113 | 62 | 50 | - | 82 | 89 | 79 | - | 97 | 82 | 74 | - | 89 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 56.1 | 53.4 | - | 60.6 | 64.2 | 60.6 | - | 66.9 | 65.9 | 59.7 | - | 68.7 | 54.3 | 48.2 | - | 58.8 | 61.5 | 56.9 | - | 65.1 | 58.8 | 54.3 | - | 61.5 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.54 | 0.49 | - | 0.60 | 0.66 | 0.60 | - | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.59 | - | 0.72 | 0.51 | 0.41 | - | 0.58 | 0.62 | 0.55 | - | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.51 | - | 0.62 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.28 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.39 | 0.34 | - | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.33 | - | 0.45 | 0.25 | 0.17 | - | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0.29 | - | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.25 | - | 0.36 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.57 | 0.54 | - | 0.62 | 0.66 | 0.62 | - | 0.69 | 0.62 | 0.67 | - | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.48 | - | 0.60 | 0.63 | 0.58 | - | 0.67 | 0.60 | 0.55 | - | 0.63 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.92 | 0.88 | - | 1.00 | 1.05 | 1.00 | - | 1.10 | 1.08 | 0.98 | - | 1.13 | 0.89 | 0.79 | - | 0.97 | 1.01 | 0.93 | - | 1.07 | 0.97 | 0.89 | - | 1.01 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.12 | 1.07 | - | 1.21 | 1.27 | 1.21 | - | 1.34 | 1.27 | 1.16 | - | 1.36 | 1.09 | 0.97 | - | 1.18 | 1.21 | 1.12 | - | 1.29 | 1.16 | 1.09 | - | 1.23 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
ΒΆ Table 4c. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Grasses |
||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Wheatgrass Hay | Grass Hay4 | CRP Hay | Meadow Hay | ||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 88.2 | 77.8 | - | 91.5 | 89.0 | 86.2 | - | 91.2 | 88.6 | 86.0 | - | 90.5 | 89.3 | 87.3 | - | 90.7 |
| Moisture, % | 11.8 | 8.5 | - | 22.2 | 11.0 | 8.8 | - | 13.8 | 11.4 | 9.5 | - | 14.0 | 10.7 | 9.3 | - | 12.7 |
| Ash, % | 13.5 | 11.5 | - | 15.7 | 9.6 | 8.1 | - | 11.2 | 10.6 | 8.8 | - | 11.9 | 9.8 | 8.4 | - | 11.2 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 11.3 | 7.3 | - | 15.1 | 8.6 | 6.7 | - | 11.2 | 5.9 | 4.5 | - | 7.8 | 8.1 | 7.1 | - | 9.6 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.3 | 0.9 | - | 1.7 | 1.1 | 0.8 | - | 1.3 | 2.4 | 1.6 | - | 3.1 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 37.2 | 34.5 | - | 40.5 | 38.6 | 35.0 | - | 43.0 | 44.7 | 40.7 | - | 48.7 | 34.5 | 32.5 | - | 36.6 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 60.9 | 57.1 | - | 64.7 | 62.6 | 57.6 | - | 67.8 | 67.2 | 62.9 | - | 71.6 | 58.8 | 56.6 | - | 60.8 |
| Lignin, % | 6.0 | 4.7 | - | 7.3 | 5.7 | 4.9 | - | 6.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 33.0 | 31.7 | - | 34.9 | 35.6 | 32.2 | - | 38.8 | 39.2 | 36.2 | - | 41.9 | 27.3 | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.7 | 1.3 | - | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.2 | - | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.2 | - | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.6 | - | 2.0 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.34 | 0.29 | - | 0.57 | 0.48 | 0.37 | - | 0.64 | 0.57 | 0.44 | - | 0.76 | 0.45 | 0.36 | - | 0.59 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.20 | 0.14 | - | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.12 | - | 0.22 | 0.11 | 0.09 | - | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.20 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.14 | 0.11 | - | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.13 | - | 0.23 | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.16 | - | 0.22 |
| Potassium, % K | 1.93 | 1.15 | - | 2.71 | 1.70 | 1.23 | - | 2.11 | 1.04 | 0.77 | - | 1.41 | 1.85 | 1.56 | - | 2.06 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.52 | 0.29 | - | 0.83 | 0.09 | 0.05 | - | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.00 | - | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.19 | 0.14 | - | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.11 | - | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.08 | - | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.13 | - | 0.20 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.19 | 0.12 | - | 0.56 | 0.23 | 0.15 | - | 0.31 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 5 | 4 | - | 6 | 5 | 4 | - | 6 | 4 | 3 | - | 5 | 4 | 4 | - | 5 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 102 | 88 | - | 129 | 130 | 85 | - | 234 | 125 | 89 | - | 188 | 115 | 78 | - | 188 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 50 | 40 | - | 61 | 59 | 42 | - | 89 | 38 | 32 | - | 48 | 85 | 63 | - | 125 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 16 | 14 | - | 19 | 18 | 15 | - | 23 | 13 | 12 | - | 16 | 18 | 15 | - | 22 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.20 | 0.16 | - | 0.30 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 0.85 | 0.73 | - | 1.27 | 1.40 | 0.90 | - | 2.20 | 1.85 | 1.30 | - | 2.50 | 1.60 | 1.10 | - | 2.10 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.32 | 0.25 | - | 0.60 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.29 | 1.00 | - | 3.19 |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.30 | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 87 | 80 | - | 97 | 84 | 74 | - | 95 | 96 | 91 | - | 103 | ||||
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 60.6 | 57.0 | - | 63.4 | 58.8 | 54.2 | - | 62.6 | 51.8 | 48.0 | - | 56.1 | 63.3 | 61.1 | - | 66.0 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.60 | 0.55 | - | 0.65 | 0.58 | 0.51 | - | 0.63 | 0.47 | 0.41 | - | 0.54 | 0.64 | 0.61 | - | 0.68 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.34 | 0.29 | - | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.25 | - | 0.37 | 0.22 | 0.16 | - | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.35 | - | 0.42 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.62 | 0.58 | - | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.55 | - | 0.64 | 0.52 | 0.48 | - | 0.57 | 0.65 | 0.63 | - | 0.68 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.00 | 0.94 | - | 1.04 | 0.97 | 0.89 | - | 1.03 | 0.85 | 0.79 | - | 0.92 | 1.04 | 1.00 | - | 1.08 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.21 | 1.13 | - | 1.29 | 1.16 | 1.07 | - | 1.25 | 1.02 | 0.94 | - | 1.11 | 1.27 | 1.21 | - | 1.32 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||||||
ΒΆ Table 4c. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Grasses |
||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Mixed Grass Hay4 | Native Grass Hay | Prairie Hay | |||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 87.1 | 84.2 | - | 89.4 | 87.7 | 71.4 | - | 91.1 | 88.0 | 86.1 | - | 89.7 |
| Moisture, % | 12.9 | 10.6 | - | 15.8 | 12.3 | 8.9 | - | 28.7 | 12.0 | 10.3 | - | 13.9 |
| Ash, % | 11.0 | 9.4 | - | 14.6 | 8.8 | 6.7 | - | 10.3 | 8.1 | 7.6 | - | 9.4 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 12.1 | 9.3 | - | 15.3 | 6.8 | 5.5 | - | 8.2 | 6.4 | 5.6 | - | 7.8 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | 1.6 | 1.3 | - | 2.0 | 1.1 | 0.9 | - | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.0 | - | 1.5 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 37.8 | 34.2 | - | 42.2 | 42.6 | 38.9 | - | 46.3 | 41.5 | 38.7 | - | 44.6 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 56.0 | 49.6 | - | 62.4 | 71.0 | 66.8 | - | 74.9 | 67.7 | 64.4 | - | 70.4 |
| Lignin, % | 7.5 | 5.9 | - | 9.1 | 2.1 | 1.6 | - | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.6 | - | 2.5 |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 36.9 | 34.1 | - | 39.8 | 35.5 | 34.5 | - | 37.2 | 37.7 | 36.8 | - | 39.9 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 1.4 | 1.1 | - | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.3 | - | 2.1 | 1.3 | 1.0 | - | 1.7 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 0.83 | 0.55 | - | 1.15 | 0.43 | 0.35 | - | 0.53 | 0.49 | 0.40 | - | 0.59 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.20 | 0.16 | - | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.08 | - | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.09 | - | 0.15 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.23 | 0.19 | - | 0.29 | 0.11 | 0.08 | - | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.13 | - | 0.19 |
| Potassium, % K | 2.03 | 1.67 | - | 2.40 | 0.73 | 0.43 | - | 1.24 | 1.06 | 0.82 | - | 1.41 |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.05 | 0.02 | - | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.00 | - | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.17 | 0.13 | - | 0.22 | 0.10 | 0.08 | - | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.08 | - | 0.14 |
| Chloride, % Cl | 0.38 | 0.22 | - | 0.71 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.17 | 0.12 | - | 0.22 |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | 6 | 5 | - | 7 | 4 | 3 | - | 5 | 4 | 4 | - | 5 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 145 | 87 | - | 325 | 229 | 115 | - | 420 | 151 | 102 | - | 247 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 46 | 35 | - | 63 | 57 | 40 | - | 91 | 66 | 51 | - | 96 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 19 | 16 | - | 23 | 20 | 13 | - | 26 | 20 | 19 | - | 25 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.10 | 0.10 | - | 0.20 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | 1.50 | 0.80 | - | 2.30 | 1.30 | 0.98 | - | 2.20 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Selenium, ppm Se | 0.31 | --- | - | --- | 0.08 | 0.04 | - | 0.12 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | 101 | 88 | - | 117 | 73 | 65 | - | 83 | 79 | 74 | - | 87 |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 59.7 | 55.2 | - | 63.6 | 55.2 | 51.6 | - | 58.8 | 56.1 | 52.5 | - | 59.7 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.59 | 0.52 | - | 0.65 | 0.52 | 0.47 | - | 0.58 | 0.54 | 0.48 | - | 0.59 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.33 | 0.27 | - | 0.38 | 0.27 | 0.22 | - | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.23 | - | 0.33 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.61 | 0.56 | - | 0.65 | 0.56 | 0.52 | - | 0.60 | 0.57 | 0.53 | - | 0.61 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 0.98 | 0.91 | - | 1.04 | 0.91 | 0.85 | - | 0.97 | 0.92 | 0.86 | - | 0.98 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.18 | 1.07 | - | 1.27 | 1.11 | 1.02 | - | 1.18 | 1.12 | 1.05 | - | 1.20 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
||||||||||||
ΒΆ Table 5a. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Alternative Forages |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Canola Hay | Cheatgrass (weed) Hay | Corn Hay3 | Johnsongrass Hay | Kenaf Hay | Kocia Hay | ||||||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 80.6 | 39.7 | - | 86.6 | 86.9 | 84.9 | - | 88.8 | 85.7 | 78.2 | - | 90.0 | 89.0 | 80.7 | - | 92.9 | 92.0 | 79.2 | - | 95.5 | 86.2 | 78.2 | - | 89.4 |
| Moisture, % | 19.5 | 13.4 | - | 60.4 | 13.1 | 11.2 | - | 15.2 | 14.4 | 10.0 | - | 21.8 | 11.0 | 7.1 | - | 19.3 | 8.0 | 6.3 | - | 13.3 | 13.8 | 10.6 | - | 21.8 |
| Ash, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 12.2 | 9.8 | - | 16.5 | 11.2 | 8.3 | - | 16.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | 12.0 | 9.7 | - | 16.3 | 11.8 | 9.2 | - | 14.5 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 15.3 | 12.9 | - | 18.6 | 8.6 | 7.4 | - | 10.8 | 8.8 | 6.6 | - | 11.1 | 7.4 | 5.8 | - | 9.7 | 10.0 | 8.1 | - | 12.6 | 13.5 | 11.0 | - | 17.4 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.3 | 1.0 | - | 1.4 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.0 | 0.7 | - | 1.2 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | 36.5 | 28.5 | - | 45.1 | 39.6 | 38.8 | - | 43.4 | 39.9 | 33.4 | - | 46.7 | 42.7 | 38.8 | - | 47.7 | 44.0 | 38.6 | - | 51.1 | 33.0 | 27.7 | - | 39.0 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | 50.4 | 41.9 | - | 58.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 61.9 | 51.6 | - | 70.9 | 62.3 | 56.3 | - | 68.3 | 56.0 | 46.7 | - | 64.8 | 41.9 | 32.2 | - | 53.2 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 35.2 | 26.2 | - | 36.9 | --- | --- | - | --- | 31.0 | 28.7 | - | 33.4 | --- | --- | - | --- |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.8 | 2.2 | - | 3.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | - | 0.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.9 | 2.3 | - | 3.6 | 1.1 | 0.9 | - | 1.4 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 1.15 | 1.02 | - | 1.40 | 0.43 | 0.40 | - | 0.72 | 0.43 | 0.35 | - | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.37 | - | 0.81 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.17 | 0.93 | - | 1.35 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.30 | 0.24 | - | 0.34 | 0.22 | 0.21 | - | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.09 | - | 0.22 | 0.18 | 0.12 | - | 0.24 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.23 | 0.19 | - | 0.30 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.47 | 0.33 | - | 0.56 | 0.15 | 0.12 | - | 0.18 | 0.27 | 0.21 | - | 0.32 | 0.15 | 0.11 | - | 0.19 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.69 | 0.61 | - | 0.83 |
| Potassium, % K | 2.32 | 1.83 | - | 2.65 | 1.72 | 1.38 | - | 2.15 | 1.56 | 1.16 | - | 2.03 | 1.30 | 1.27 | - | 1.33 | --- | --- | - | --- | 2.87 | 2.24 | - | 4.10 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.09 | 0.07 | - | 0.12 |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.64 | 0.53 | - | 0.76 | 0.12 | 0.10 | - | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.08 | - | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.08 | - | 0.09 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.33 | 0.25 | - | 0.42 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | ||
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | 8 | 6 | - | 9 | 4 | 3 | - | 4 | --- | --- | - | --- | 25 | 2 | - | 48 | ||
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | 1250 | 667 | - | 2430 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 109 | 76 | - | 142 | ||
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | 89 | 71 | - | 143 | 48 | 40 | - | 56 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | ||
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | 30 | 18 | - | 38 | 35 | 31 | - | 39 | --- | --- | - | --- | 28 | 21 | - | 36 | ||
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | ||||
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | ||||
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | ||||
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | ||||
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | ||||
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | - | --- | - | --- | 87 5 | --- | - | --- | 77 | 68 | - | 83 | --- | --- | 125 | 101 | - | 149 | ||||
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 60.9 | 51.1 | - | 70.1 | 58.0 | 54.7 | - | 62.2 | 57.9 | 50.7 | - | 65.1 | 54.3 | 48.9 | - | 58.8 | 48.0 | 43.3 | - | 52.5 | 65.1 | 58.8 | - | 70.9 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.61 | 0.46 | - | 0.74 | 0.57 | 0.52 | - | 0.63 | 0.56 | 0.45 | - | 0.67 | 0.51 | 0.42 | - | 0.58 | 0.48 | 0.41 | - | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.58 | - | 0.75 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.35 | 0.21 | - | 0.47 | 0.31 | 0.26 | - | 0.37 | 0.31 | 0.20 | - | 0.40 | 0.25 | 0.18 | - | 0.32 | 0.09 | 0.07 | - | 0.11 | 0.40 | 0.32 | - | 0.48 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.62 | 0.51 | - | 0.73 | 0.59 | 0.56 | - | 0.64 | 0.59 | 0.51 | - | 0.67 | 0.55 | 0.49 | - | 0.60 | 0.47 | 0.42 | - | 0.52 | 0.67 | 0.60 | - | 0.73 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.00 | 0.84 | - | 1.15 | 0.95 | 0.90 | - | 1.02 | 0.95 | 0.83 | - | 1.07 | 0.89 | 0.80 | - | 0.97 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.07 | 0.97 | - | 1.16 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | 1.29 | 1.02 | - | 1.52 | 1.17 | 1.09 | - | 1.28 | 1.14 | 1.00 | - | 1.30 | 1.09 | 0.98 | - | 1.18 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.29 | 1.18 | - | 1.43 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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ΒΆ Table 5b. Feedstuffs CompositionβHays: Alternative Forages |
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| ANALYTICAL RESULT | Kudzu Hay | Shattercane Hay | Soybean Hay | Sunflower Hay | Weed Hay | |||||||||||||||
| M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | M/XΜ | Typical Range | |||||||||||
| PROPERTIES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Dry Matter, % | 90.0 | 77.5 | - | 93.4 | 55.1 | 41.8 | - | 64.8 | 86.9 | 83.3 | - | 90.2 | 40.0 | 26.7 | - | 53.5 | 87.0 | 83.7 | - | 89.6 |
| Moisture, % | 10.0 | 7.8 | - | 16.6 | 44.9 | 35.3 | - | 58.3 | 13.1 | 9.8 | - | 16.7 | 60.0 | 46.5 | - | 73.3 | 13.0 | 10.4 | - | 16.3 |
| Ash, % | 7.0 | 5.7 | - | 9.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | 8.8 | 7.0 | - | 10.5 | --- | --- | - | --- | 9.2 | 7.4 | - | 12.5 |
| PROTEIN | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Protein, % CP | 16.0 | 13.0 | - | 20.1 | 5.9 | --- | - | --- | 13.3 | 7.2 | - | 16.8 | 10.9 | 8.8 | - | 13.7 | 11.4 | 8.8 | - | 14.4 |
| ADF insoluble nitrogen2, as % CP | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.6 | 1.1 | - | 2.2 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.2 | 0.9 | - | 1.4 |
| FIBER | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Acid Detergent Fiber, % ADF | --- | --- | - | --- | 40.0 | --- | - | --- | 41.0 | 34.8 | - | 50.3 | 34.9 | 30.6 | - | 40.5 | 37.2 | 32.7 | - | 43.7 |
| Neutral Det. Fiber, % NDF | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 54.4 | 45.8 | - | 61.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 56.2 | 47.6 | - | 61.3 |
| Lignin, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 7.3 | 5.9 | - | 8.7 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Crude Fiber, % CF | 33.0 | 30.5 | - | 35.6 | --- | --- | - | --- | 30.4 | 22.8 | - | 45.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 33.8 | 31.2 | - | 36.4 |
| FAT, CARBOHYDRATES | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude Fat, % | 2.6 | 2.0 | - | 3.3 | --- | --- | - | --- | 5.4 | 2.9 | - | 7.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.2 | 0.9 | - | 1.5 |
| Total starch, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 5.4 | 2.9 | - | 7.8 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total sugars as invert, % | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| MINERALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium, Ca % | 3.00 | 2.46 | - | 4.02 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.21 | 1.08 | - | 1.43 | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.17 | 0.96 | - | 1.47 |
| Phosphorus, P % | 0.23 | 0.19 | - | 0.27 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.17 | 0.14 | - | 0.21 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.22 | 0.17 | - | 0.27 |
| Magnesium, % Mg | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.43 | 0.35 | - | 0.52 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.59 | 0.44 | - | 0.73 |
| Potassium, % K | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.57 | 1.24 | - | 1.81 | --- | --- | - | --- | 3.36 | 2.75 | - | 4.24 |
| Sodium, % Na | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.01 | 0.00 | - | 0.01 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.05 | --- | - | --- |
| Sulfur, % S | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.15 | 0.13 | - | 0.18 | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.23 | 0.20 | - | 0.31 |
| Chloride, % Cl | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.42 | 0.22 | - | 0.62 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Copper, ppm Cu | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 7 | 7 | - | 8 | --- | --- | - | --- | 7 | 5 | - | 8 |
| Iron, ppm Fe | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 427 | 312 | - | 1001 | --- | --- | - | --- | 154 | 101 | - | 220 |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 70 | 60 | - | 145 | --- | --- | - | --- | 55 | 43 | - | 64 |
| Zinc, ppm Zn | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 29 | 24 | - | 32 | --- | --- | - | --- | 29 | 17 | - | 43 |
| TRACE METALS | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cobalt, ppm Co | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Molybdenum, ppm Mo | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.10 | 0.65 | - | 1.55 |
| Selenium, ppm Se | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Chromium, ppm Cr | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Cadmium, ppm Cd | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| ENERGY CALCULATIONS4 | -------------------- 100% dry matter basis -------------------- | |||||||||||||||||||
| Relative Feed Value, RFV | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- | 122 | 90 | - | 200 | --- | --- | - | --- | --- | --- | - | --- |
| Total Digestible Nutrients, % TDN | 54.0 | 48.7 | - | 59.0 | 57.9 | 57.0 | - | 58.9 | 57.0 | 46.2 | - | 63.3 | 63.2 | 56.9 | - | 69.0 | 60.6 | 54.3 | - | 66.0 |
| Net Energy, Maintenance, Mcal/lb | 0.54 | 0.46 | - | 0.61 | 0.56 | 0.55 | - | 0.57 | 0.55 | 0.38 | - | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.55 | - | 0.73 | 0.60 | 0.51 | - | 0.68 |
| Net Energy, Gain, Mcal/lb | 0.20 | 0.15 | - | 0.24 | 0.31 | 0.29 | - | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.13 | - | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.28 | - | 0.45 | 0.34 | 0.25 | - | 0.42 |
| Net Energy, Lactation, Mcal/lb | 0.54 | 0.48 | - | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.58 | - | 0.60 | 0.58 | 0.46 | - | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.58 | - | 0.72 | 0.62 | 0.55 | - | 0.68 |
| Metabolizable Energy, Mcal/lb | --- | --- | - | --- | 0.96 | --- | - | --- | 0.94 | 0.76 | - | 1.04 | 1.04 | 0.93 | - | 1.13 | 1.00 | 0.89 | - | 1.08 |
| Digestible Energy, Mcal/lb | --- | --- | - | --- | 1.16 | 1.14 | - | 1.18 | 1.14 | 0.92 | - | 1.27 | 1.26 | 1.12 | - | 1.40 | 1.20 | 1.07 | - | 1.30 |
| 1"M/XΜ" = median or mean (XΜ, average). "Typical range" = 25th and 75th percentiles or +/- standard deviation 3 "Milo" is used as a synonym for "grain sorghum". 4Energy values are calculated from fiber analysis and may not reflect energy that could be supplied from the lipid fraction. |
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