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¶ Introduction
- Manure survey background*
- Lab analysis results for many manure samples were downloaded to identify practical range of chemical and physical properties.
- Includes manure and livestock waste samples received from 2008 to 2020.
- Survey results expressed as “median” and “typical range” values (illustrated in Figure 1
- “Median” value” is 50th percentile value of surveyed samples.
- “Typical range” represents values of 25th and 75th percentiles.
- “Median” value” is 50th percentile value of surveyed samples.
- Survey results divided into five categories using percent solids
- Manure category assigned according to solids content. Examples in Figure 3.
- “Effluent” = 1% solids or less
- “Liquid manure” = 1% to 5% solids
- “Slurry” = 5% to 25% solids iv. “Moist solid manure” = 25% to 50% solids
- “Dry solid manure” = 50% solids or greater
- Manure category assigned according to solids content. Examples in Figure 3.
- Figure 2 illustrates potential differences that may be seen in range of total solids within manure categories.
¶ Figure 1. Illustration of Survey Statistics
¶ Figure 2. Total Solids Survey Statistics Illustrated
¶ Figure 3. Approximate Manure Consistency with Differing Solids Content
¶ Table 1. Typical Analysis: Poultry Manure ‐ Liquid (5% solids or less) |
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| Analysis values, wet basis | Pounds per 1000 gallons, lb/1000 gal* | Pounds per acre-inch, lb/ac-in | ||||||||||||
| Median | Typical Range | Median | Typical Range | Median | Typical Range | |||||||||
| MAJOR NUTRIENTS | ||||||||||||||
| Total nitrogen, mg/L N | 0.032 | 0.021 | – | 0.054 | 2.7 | 1.7 | – | 4.5 | 0.64 | 0.42 | – | 1.09 | ||
| Organic nitrogen, mg/L N | 0.012 | 0.007 | – | 0.024 | 1.0 | 0.5 | – | 2.0 | 0.24 | 0.13 | – | 0.47 | ||
| Ammoniacal-nitrogen, mg/L NH4-N | 0.020 | 0.006 | – | 0.034 | 1.7 | 0.5 | – | 2.8 | 0.40 | 0.12 | – | 0.68 | ||
| Nitrate-nitrogen, mg/L NO3-N | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Phosphate, mg/L P2O5 | 0.016 | 0.011 | – | 0.023 | 1.3 | 0.9 | – | 1.9 | 0.32 | 0.22 | – | 0.46 | ||
| Phosphorus, mg/L P | 0.007 | 0.005 | – | 0.010 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Potash, mg/L K2O | 0.009 | 0.005 | – | 0.019 | 0.8 | 0.4 | – | 1.6 | 0.18 | 0.10 | – | 0.38 | ||
| Potassium, mg/L K | 0.008 | 0.004 | – | 0.016 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| SECONDARY MAJOR NUTRIENTS | ||||||||||||||
| Calcium, mg/L Ca | 0.013 | 0.010 | – | 0.020 | 1.1 | 0.8 | – | 1.7 | 0.26 | 0.20 | – | 0.40 | ||
| Magnesium, mg/L Mg | 0.002 | 0.001 | – | 0.004 | 0.2 | 0.1 | – | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.02 | – | 0.07 | ||
| Sulfur, mg/L S | 0.004 | 0.003 | – | 0.006 | 0.3 | 0.2 | – | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.06 | – | 0.12 | ||
| Sodium, mg/L Na | 0.053 | 0.036 | – | 0.070 | 4.4 | 2.9 | – | 5.8 | 1.05 | 0.71 | – | 1.40 | ||
| MICRONUTRIENTS | ||||||||||||||
| Zinc, mg/L Zn | 1 | < 1 | – | 1 | 0.01 | --- | – | --- | 0.002 | --- | – | --- | ||
| Iron, mg/L Fe | 2 | 2 | – | 4 | 0.02 | --- | – | --- | 0.004 | --- | – | --- | ||
| Manganese, mg/L Mn | 1 | < 1 | – | 1 | 0.01 | --- | – | --- | 0.002 | --- | – | --- | ||
| Copper, mg/L Cu | 1 | < 1 | – | 1 | 0.01 | --- | – | --- | 0.002 | --- | – | --- | ||
| Boron, mg/L B | 1 | < 1 | – | 1 | 0.01 | --- | – | --- | 0.002 | --- | – | --- | ||
| PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||
| Moisture, % | 0.5 | 0.3 | – | 0.6 | 42 | 25 | – | 50 | 10 | 6 | – | 12 | ||
| Solids, % | 99.5 | 99.7 | – | 99.4 | 8259 | 8275 | – | 8250 | 1990 | 1994 | – | 1988 | ||
| Organic matter, % OM | 0.3 | 0.1 | – | 0.4 | 25 | 8 | – | 33 | 6 | 2 | – | 8 | ||
| Ash (non-volatile solids), % | 0.2 | 0.1 | – | 0.3 | 17 | 8 | – | 25 | 4 | 2 | – | 6 | ||
| Carbon to nitrogen ratio, C:N | 5 | 3 | – | 6 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| SALINITY | ||||||||||||||
| Electrical conductivity, mmho/cm | 4.7 | 3.3 | – | 6.1 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Total salts, estimated ppm | 3311 | 2320 | – | 4290 | 27 | 19 | – | 36 | 7 | 5 | – | 9 | ||
| Sodium adsorption ratio, SAR | 9.8 | 7.0 | – | 14.7 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| CROSS cation ratio** | 11.4 | 8.7 | – | 16.5 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Chloride, mg/L Cl | 250 | 160 | – | 480 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
*Assumes 8.3 lb/gal
**Cation Ratio of Structural Stability
¶ Table 2. Typical Analysis: Poultry Manure - Slurry (5% to 25% solids) |
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| Analysis values, wet basis | Pounds per 1000 gallons, lb/1000 gal* | Pounds per acre-inch, lb/ac-in | ||||||||||||
| Median | Typical Range | Median | Typical Range | Median | Typical Range | |||||||||
| MAJOR NUTRIENTS | ||||||||||||||
| Total nitrogen, mg/L N | 1.36 | 0.94 | – | 1.53 | 113 | 78 | – | 127 | 27.3 | 18.8 | – | 30.6 | ||
| Organic nitrogen, mg/L N | 0.64 | 0.53 | – | 1.09 | 53 | 44 | – | 91 | 13 | 11 | – | 22 | ||
| Ammoniacal-nitrogen, mg/L NH4-N | 0.55 | 0.39 | – | 0.77 | 46 | 32 | – | 64 | 11 | 8 | – | 15 | ||
| Nitrate-nitrogen, mg/L NO3-N | 0.00 | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Phosphate, mg/L P2O5 | 0.99 | 0.88 | – | 1.24 | 82 | 73 | – | 103 | 20 | 18 | – | 25 | ||
| Phosphorus, mg/L P | 0.43 | 0.39 | – | 0.54 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | ||
| Potash, mg/L K2O | 0.89 | 0.74 | – | 1.08 | 74 | 61 | – | 90 | 18 | 15 | – | 22 | ||
| Potassium, mg/L K | 0.74 | 0.61 | – | 0.90 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | ||
| SECONDARY MAJOR NUTRIENTS | ||||||||||||||
| Calcium, mg/L Ca | 1.67 | 0.90 | – | 2.66 | 139 | 75 | – | 221 | 33.4 | 18.0 | – | 53.3 | ||
| Magnesium, mg/L Mg | 0.14 | 0.13 | – | 0.15 | 11 | 11 | – | 13 | 2.8 | 2.6 | – | 3.1 | ||
| Sulfur, mg/L S | 0.11 | 0.09 | – | 0.12 | 9 | 7 | – | 10 | 2.1 | 1.8 | – | 2.4 | ||
| Sodium, mg/L Na | 0.13 | 0.11 | – | 0.15 | 11 | 9 | – | 13 | 2.6 | 2.1 | – | 3.0 | ||
| MICRONUTRIENTS | ||||||||||||||
| Zinc, mg/L Zn | 94 | 86 | – | 113 | 0.78 | 0.71 | – | 0.94 | 0.19 | 0.17 | – | 0.23 | ||
| Iron, mg/L Fe | 450 | 292 | – | 755 | 3.74 | 2.42 | – | 6.26 | 0.90 | 0.58 | – | 1.51 | ||
| Manganese, mg/L Mn | 84 | 76 | – | 94 | 0.70 | 0.63 | – | 0.78 | 0.17 | 0.15 | – | 0.19 | ||
| Copper, mg/L Cu | 8 | 7 | – | 10 | 0.07 | 0.06 | – | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.01 | – | 0.02 | ||
| Boron, mg/L B | 10 | 9 | – | 12 | 0.08 | 0.07 | – | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.02 | – | 0.02 | ||
| PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||
| Moisture, % | 22.5 | 18.8 | – | 23.8 | 1868 | 1560 | – | 1975 | 450 | 376 | – | 476 | ||
| Solids, % | 77.5 | 81.2 | – | 76.2 | 6433 | 6740 | – | 6325 | 1550 | 1624 | – | 1524 | ||
| Organic matter, % OM | 14.2 | 11.8 | – | 15.3 | 1179 | 979 | – | 1270 | 284 | 236 | – | 306 | ||
| Ash (non-volatile solids), % | 8.0 | 4.8 | – | 9.7 | 664 | 398 | – | 805 | 160 | 96 | – | 194 | ||
| Carbon to nitrogen ratio, C:N | 5.8 | 4.6 | – | 7.1 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Estimated first-year mineralization of organic nitrogen fraction, % | 51 | 49 | – | 53 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| SALINITY | ||||||||||||||
| Electrical conductivity, mmho/cm | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Total salts, estimated ppm | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Sodium adsorption ratio, SAR | 2.2 | 1.5 | – | 3.1 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| CROSS cation ratio** | 7.3 | 5.2 | – | 10.5 | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
| Chloride, mg/L Cl | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | --- | --- | – | --- | ||
*Assumes 8.3 lb/gal
**Cation Ratio of Structural Stability
¶ Table 3.Typical Analysis: Poultry Manure ‐ Moist Solids (25% to 50% solids) |
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| Analysis values, wet basis | Pounds per wet ton, lb/ton | ||||||||
| Median | Typical Range | Median | Typical Range | ||||||
| MAJOR NUTRIENTS | |||||||||
| Total nitrogen, % N | 1.82 | 1.46 | – | 2.24 | 36 | 29 | – | 45 | |
| Organic nitrogen, % N | 1.29 | 0.96 | – | 1.66 | 26 | 19 | – | 33 | |
| Ammoniacal-nitrogen, % NH4-N | 0.46 | 0.33 | – | 0.68 | 9 | 7 | – | 14 | |
| Nitrate-nitrogen, % NO3-N | 0.001 | --- | – | --- | 0.02 | --- | – | --- | |
| Phosphate, % P2O5 | 1.67 | 1.33 | – | 2.04 | 33 | 27 | – | 41 | |
| Phosphorus, % P | 0.73 | 0.58 | – | 0.89 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| Potash, % K2O | 1.40 | 1.05 | – | 1.82 | 28 | 21 | – | 36 | |
| Potassium, % K | 1.16 | 0.88 | – | 1.52 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| SECONDARY MAJOR NUTRIENTS | |||||||||
| Calcium, % Ca | 2.40 | 1.37 | – | 3.49 | 48 | 27 | – | 70 | |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.22 | 0.18 | – | 0.30 | 4.3 | 3.6 | – | 6.0 | |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.22 | 0.14 | – | 0.28 | 4.3 | 2.9 | – | 5.6 | |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.19 | 0.14 | – | 0.26 | 3.7 | 2.8 | – | 5.1 | |
| MICRONUTRIENTS | |||||||||
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 159 | 117 | – | 224 | 0.32 | 0.23 | – | 0.45 | |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 530 | 360 | – | 859 | 1.06 | 0.72 | – | 1.72 | |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 141 | 96 | – | 206 | 0.28 | 0.19 | – | 0.41 | |
| Copper, ppm Cu | 17 | 12 | – | 32 | 0.03 | 0.02 | – | 0.06 | |
| Boron, ppm B | 19 | 14 | – | 23 | 0.04 | 0.03 | – | 0.05 | |
| PROPERTIES | |||||||||
| Moisture, % | 38.4 | 30.9 | – | 44.3 | 767 | 617 | – | 886 | |
| Solids, % | 61.7 | 69.2 | – | 55.7 | 1233 | 1383 | – | 1115 | |
| Organic matter, % OM | 23.5 | 19.2 | – | 27.7 | 470 | 385 | – | 554 | |
| (estimated organic carbon, %C) | 13.6 | 11.2 | – | 16.1 | 273 | 223 | – | 321 | |
| Ash (non-volatile solids), % | 12.6 | 9.0 | – | 17.8 | 252 | 180 | – | 356 | |
| Carbon to nitrogen ratio, C:N | 9.7 | 8.4 | – | 11.3 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| Estimated first-year mineralization of organic nitrogen fraction, % | 49 | 47 | – | 51 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| SALINITY | |||||||||
| Electrical conductivity, mmho/cm | 12.0 | 10.9 | – | 12.8 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| Total salts, estimated ppm | 8400 | 7630 | – | 8925 | 17 | 15 | – | 18 | |
¶ Table 4.Typical Analysis: Poultry Manure ‐ Dry Solids (50% solids or greater) |
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| Analysis values, wet basis | Pounds per wet ton, lb/ton | ||||||||
| Median | Typical Range | Median | Typical Range | ||||||
| MAJOR NUTRIENTS | |||||||||
| Total nitrogen, % N | 2.79 | 2.27 | – | 3.25 | 56 | 45 | – | 65 | |
| Organic nitrogen, % N | 2.38 | 1.89 | – | 2.90 | 48 | 38 | – | 58 | |
| Ammoniacal-nitrogen, % NH4-N | 0.31 | 0.19 | – | 0.44 | 6 | 4 | – | 9 | |
| Nitrate-nitrogen, % NO3-N | 0.002 | 0.001 | – | 0.012 | 0.04 | 0.02 | – | 0.24 | |
| Phosphate, % P2O5 | 2.92 | 2.40 | – | 3.46 | 58 | 48 | – | 69 | |
| Phosphorus, % P | 1.27 | 1.05 | – | 1.51 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| Potash, % K2O | 2.61 | 2.11 | – | 3.06 | 52 | 42 | – | 61 | |
| Potassium, % K | 2.17 | 1.76 | – | 2.55 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| SECONDARY MAJOR NUTRIENTS | |||||||||
| Calcium, % Ca | 2.75 | 2.04 | – | 6.92 | 55 | 41 | – | 138 | |
| Magnesium, % Mg | 0.46 | 0.39 | – | 0.54 | 9 | 8 | – | 11 | |
| Sulfur, % S | 0.52 | 0.38 | – | 0.68 | 10 | 8 | – | 14 | |
| Sodium, % Na | 0.49 | 0.35 | – | 0.73 | 10 | 7 | – | 15 | |
| MICRONUTRIENTS | |||||||||
| Zinc, ppm Zn | 333 | 272 | – | 421 | 0.67 | 0.54 | – | 0.84 | |
| Iron, ppm Fe | 1218 | 831 | – | 2007 | 2.44 | 1.66 | – | 4.01 | |
| Manganese, ppm Mn | 361 | 255 | – | 464 | 0.72 | 0.51 | – | 0.93 | |
| Copper, ppm Cu | 132 | 32 | – | 316 | 0.26 | 0.06 | – | 0.63 | |
| Boron, ppm B | 38 | 29 | – | 47 | 0.08 | 0.06 | – | 0.09 | |
| PROPERTIES | |||||||||
| Moisture, % | 74.2 | 66.2 | – | 80.0 | 1483 | 1324 | – | 1600 | |
| Solids, % | 25.9 | 33.8 | – | 20.0 | 517 | 676 | – | 400 | |
| Organic matter, % OM | 47.7 | 38.6 | – | 55.2 | 954 | 772 | – | 1104 | |
| (estimated organic carbon, %C) | 27.7 | 22.4 | – | 32.0 | 553 | 448 | – | 640 | |
| Ash (non-volatile solids), % | 24.2 | 18.1 | – | 32.1 | 484 | 362 | – | 642 | |
| Carbon to nitrogen ratio, C:N | 7.4 | 6.2 | – | 8.6 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| Estimated first-year mineralization of organic nitrogen fraction, % | 45 | 43 | – | 47 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| SALINITY | |||||||||
| Electrical conductivity, mmho/cm | 12.8 | 9.5 | – | 15.8 | ---- | ---- | – | ---- | |
| Total salts, estimated ppm | 8960 | 6650 | – | 11060 | 18 | 13 | – | 22 | |